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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has continued to achieve tremendous success in recent times. However, the decision logic of these frameworks is often not transparent, making it difficult for stakeholders to understand, interpret or explain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Fuseini Mumuni , Alhassan Mumuni

With artificial intelligence (AI) embedded in many everyday software systems, effectively and reliably developing and maintaining AI systems becomes an essential skill for software developers. However, the complexity inherent to AI poses…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Thomas Weber

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) addresses the growing need for transparency and interpretability in AI systems, enabling trust and accountability in decision-making processes. This book offers a comprehensive guide to XAI,…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly integrating into various aspects of our daily lives, influencing decision-making processes in areas such as targeted advertising and matchmaking algorithms. As AI systems become increasingly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Md. Tanzib Hosain , Mehedi Hasan Anik , Sadman Rafi , Rana Tabassum , Khaleque Insia , Md. Mehrab Siddiky

The growing application of artificial intelligence in sensitive domains has intensified the demand for systems that are not only accurate but also explainable and trustworthy. Although explainable AI (XAI) methods have proliferated, many do…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Marilyn Bello , Rafael Bello , Maria-Matilde García , Ann Nowé , Iván Sevillano-García , Francisco Herrera

Increasingly, laws are being proposed and passed by governments around the world to regulate Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems implemented into the public and private sectors. Many of these regulations address the transparency of AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Andrew Bell , Oded Nov , Julia Stoyanovich

Understanding how different stakeholders perceive risks in AI systems is essential for their responsible deployment. This paper presents a framework for stakeholder-grounded risk assessment by using LLMs, acting as judges to predict and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Srishti Yadav , Jasmina Gajcin , Erik Miehling , Elizabeth Daly

Due to the opacity of machine learning technology, there is a need for explainability and fairness in the decision support systems used in public or private organizations. Although the criteria for appropriate explanations and fair…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Yuri Nakao , Takuya Yokota

When the initial vision of Explainable (XAI) was articulated, the most popular framing was to open the (proverbial) "black-box" of AI so that we could understand the inner workings. With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), the very…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Upol Ehsan , Mark O. Riedl

Knowing more about the data used to build AI systems is critical for allowing different stakeholders to play their part in ensuring responsible and appropriate deployment and use. Meanwhile, a 2023 report shows that data transparency lags…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Sophia Worth , Ben Snaith , Arunav Das , Gefion Thuermer , Elena Simperl

This study explores the integration of contextual explanations into AI-powered loan decision systems to enhance trust and usability. While traditional AI systems rely heavily on algorithmic transparency and technical accuracy, they often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Allen Daniel Sunny

Explainable machine learning offers the potential to provide stakeholders with insights into model behavior by using various methods such as feature importance scores, counterfactual explanations, or influential training data. Yet there is…

In this paper, we investigate the practical relevance of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) with a special focus on the producing industries and relate them to the current state of academic XAI research. Our findings are based on an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Thomas Decker , Ralf Gross , Alexander Koebler , Michael Lebacher , Ronald Schnitzer , Stefan H. Weber

As AI-powered systems increasingly mediate consequential decision-making, their explainability is critical for end-users to take informed and accountable actions. Explanations in human-human interactions are socially-situated. AI systems…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Upol Ehsan , Q. Vera Liao , Michael Muller , Mark O. Riedl , Justin D. Weisz

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems utilizing deep neural networks (DNNs) and machine learning (ML) algorithms are widely used for solving important problems in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and precision medicine. However,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-24 Md. Rezaul Karim , Tanhim Islam , Oya Beyan , Christoph Lange , Michael Cochez , Dietrich Rebholz-Schuhmann , Stefan Decker

The need for interpretable and accountable intelligent systems grows along with the prevalence of artificial intelligence applications used in everyday life. Explainable intelligent systems are designed to self-explain the reasoning behind…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Sina Mohseni , Niloofar Zarei , Eric D. Ragan

Artificial intelligence models encounter significant challenges due to their black-box nature, particularly in safety-critical domains such as healthcare, finance, and autonomous vehicles. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) addresses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Melkamu Mersha , Khang Lam , Joseph Wood , Ali AlShami , Jugal Kalita

To ensure accountability and mitigate harm, it is critical that diverse stakeholders can interrogate black-box automated systems and find information that is understandable, relevant, and useful to them. In this paper, we eschew prior…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Harini Suresh , Steven R. Gomez , Kevin K. Nam , Arvind Satyanarayan

As artificial intelligence systems increasingly inform high-stakes decisions across sectors, transparency has become foundational to responsible and trustworthy AI implementation. Leveraging our role as a leading institute in advancing AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Dhanesh Ramachandram , Himanshu Joshi , Judy Zhu , Dhari Gandhi , Lucas Hartman , Ananya Raval

Growing concerns over the lack of transparency in AI, particularly in high-stakes fields like healthcare and finance, drive the need for explainable and trustworthy systems. While Large Language Models (LLMs) perform exceptionally well in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Fadi Al Machot , Martin Thomas Horsch , Habib Ullah