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Document-level machine translation manages to outperform sentence level models by a small margin, but have failed to be widely adopted. We argue that previous research did not make a clear use of the global context, and propose a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Zaixiang Zheng , Xiang Yue , Shujian Huang , Jiajun Chen , Alexandra Birch

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in math education not only as problem solvers but also as assessors of learners' reasoning. However, it remains unclear whether stronger math problem-solving ability is associated with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Liang Zhang , Yu Fu , Xinyi Jin

Often, multilingual language models are trained with the objective to map semantically similar content (in different languages) in the same latent space. In this paper, we show a nuance in this training objective, and find that by changing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Ishika Agarwal , Nimet Beyza Bozdag , Nisval Patel , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Evaluation of multimodal reasoning models is typically reduced to a single accuracy score, implicitly treating reasoning as a unitary capability. We introduce MathLens, a benchmark of textbook-style geometry problems that exposes this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jiwan Chung , Neel Joshi , Pratyusha Sharma , Youngjae Yu , Vibhav Vineet

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have outperformed other NLP models on a wide range of tasks. Opting for a more thorough understanding of their capabilities and inner workings, researchers have established the extend to which they capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Anne Lauscher , Federico Bianchi , Samuel Bowman , Dirk Hovy

This paper introduces a new and effective algorithm for learning kernels in a Multi-Task Learning (MTL) setting. Although, we consider a MTL scenario here, our approach can be easily applied to standard single task learning, as well. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-13 Niloofar Yousefi , Cong Li , Mansooreh Mollaghasemi , Georgios Anagnostopoulos , Michael Georgiopoulos

This paper investigates the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the context of understanding their knowledge and uncertainty over questions. Specifically, we focus on addressing known-unknown questions, characterized by high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Alfonso Amayuelas , Kyle Wong , Liangming Pan , Wenhu Chen , William Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in contextual understanding and reasoning. However, evaluating their performance across diverse scientific domains remains underexplored, as existing benchmarks primarily focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jing Yu , Yuqi Tang , Kehua Feng , Mingyang Rao , Lei Liang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Mengshu Sun , Wen Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Keyan Ding , Huajun Chen

The underlying mechanism of neural networks in capturing precise knowledge has been the subject of consistent research efforts. In this work, we propose a theoretical approach based on Neural Tangent Kernels (NTKs) to investigate such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Xiaobing Sun , Jiaxi Li , Wei Lu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly reshaping machine translation (MT), particularly by introducing instruction-following, in-context learning, and preference-based alignment into what has traditionally been a supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Baban Gain , Dibyanayan Bandyopadhyay , Asif Ekbal , Trilok Nath Singh

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities, yet their internal mechanisms for handling reasoning-intensive tasks remain underexplored. To advance the understanding of model-internal processing mechanisms, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Tanja Baeumel , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved remarkable success on various natural language understanding tasks. Simple fine-tuning of PLMs, on the other hand, might be suboptimal for domain-specific tasks because they cannot possibly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Minki Kang , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

Deep learning has received considerable empirical successes in recent years. However, while many ad hoc tricks have been discovered by practitioners, until recently, there has been a lack of theoretical understanding for tricks invented in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Cong Fang , Hanze Dong , Tong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of natural language processing, with GPT models at the forefront. While their remarkable performance spans a range of tasks, adapting LLMs for real-world business scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Minh-Tien Nguyen , Duy-Hung Nguyen , Shahab Sabahi , Hung Le , Jeff Yang , Hajime Hotta

Due to the remarkable language understanding and generation abilities of large language models (LLMs), their use in educational applications has been explored. However, little work has been done on investigating the pedagogical ability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 An-Zi Yen , Wei-Ling Hsu

In this work, we evaluate the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in building Bayesian Networks (BNs) by approximating domain expert priors. LLMs have demonstrated potential as factual knowledge bases; however, their capability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Aliakbar Nafar , Kristen Brent Venable , Zijun Cui , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit emerging in-context learning abilities through prompt engineering. The recent progress in large-scale generative models has further expanded their use in real-world language applications. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Linyi Yang , Shuibai Zhang , Zhuohao Yu , Guangsheng Bao , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Ruochen Xu , Wei Ye , Xing Xie , Weizhu Chen , Yue Zhang

As Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in diverse applications, faithfully integrating evolving factual knowledge into these models remains a critical challenge. Continued pre-training on paraphrased data has shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Mingkang Zhu , Xi Chen , Zhongdao Wang , Bei Yu , Hengshuang Zhao , Jiaya Jia

Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrably capable of cross-lingual transfer, but can produce inconsistent output when prompted with the same queries written in different languages. To understand how language models are able to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zheng Wei Lim , Alham Fikri Aji , Trevor Cohn

Large Language Models (LLMs), excel in natural language understanding, but their capability for complex mathematical reasoning with an amalgamation of structured tables and unstructured text is uncertain. This study explores LLMs'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Pragya Srivastava , Manuj Malik , Vivek Gupta , Tanuja Ganu , Dan Roth