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As an ubiquitous method in natural language processing, word embeddings are extensively employed to map semantic properties of words into a dense vector representation. They capture semantic and syntactic relations among words but the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Lutfi Kerem Senel , Ihsan Utlu , Furkan Şahinuç , Haldun M. Ozaktas , Aykut Koç

Signal temporal logic (STL) is an expressive language to specify time-bound real-world robotic tasks and safety specifications. Recently, there has been an interest in learning optimal policies to satisfy STL specifications via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Harish Venkataraman , Derya Aksaray , Peter Seiler

Vision-language models (VLMs) transform environment percepts into vision-language semantics interpretable by LLMs. However, completing complex tasks often requires reasoning about information beyond what is currently perceived. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Robin Karlsson , Francisco Lepe-Salazar , Kazuya Takeda

Symbolic control problems aim to synthesize control policies for dynamical systems under complex temporal specifications. For such problems, Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is increasingly used as the formal specification language due to its…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-17 Shirantha Welikala , Hai Lin , Panos J. Antsaklis

Machine Learning (ML) is continuously permeating a growing amount of application domains. Generative AI such as Large Language Models (LLMs) also sees broad adoption to process multi-modal data such as text, images, audio, and video. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Pierre Lamart , Yinan Yu , Christian Berger

Symbolic regression aims to discover human-interpretable equations that explain observational data. However, existing approaches rely heavily on discrete structure search (e.g., genetic programming), which often leads to high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Fateme Memar , Tao Zhe , Dongjie Wang

This paper introduces a novel Transitional Dictionary Learning (TDL) framework that can implicitly learn symbolic knowledge, such as visual parts and relations, by reconstructing the input as a combination of parts with implicit relations.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Junyan Cheng , Peter Chin

We design a predictive layer for structured-output prediction (SOP) that can be plugged into any neural network guaranteeing its predictions are consistent with a set of predefined symbolic constraints. Our Semantic Probabilistic Layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Kareem Ahmed , Stefano Teso , Kai-Wei Chang , Guy Van den Broeck , Antonio Vergari

We propose an interval extension of Signal Temporal Logic (STL) called Interval Signal Temporal Logic (\ISTL). Given an STL formula, we consider an interval inclusion function for each of its predicates. Then, we use minimal inclusion…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-13 Luke Baird , Akash Harapanahalli , Samuel Coogan

Despite Large Language Models' remarkable capabilities, understanding their internal representations remains challenging. Mechanistic interpretability tools such as sparse autoencoders (SAEs) were developed to extract interpretable features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Xiangchen Song , Jiaqi Sun , Zijian Li , Yujia Zheng , Kun Zhang

Time series forecasting plays a significant role in finance, energy, meteorology, and IoT applications. Recent studies have leveraged the generalization capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to adapt to time series forecasting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hao Liu , Xiaoxing Zhang , Chun Yang , Xiaobin Zhu

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has the potential to be used for synthesizing feedback controllers (agents) for various complex systems with unknown dynamics. These systems are expected to satisfy diverse safety and liveness properties…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Nikhil Kumar Singh , Indranil Saha

Automated reasoning and theorem proving have recently become major challenges for machine learning. In other domains, representations that are able to abstract over unimportant transformations, such as abstraction over translations and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Miroslav Olšák , Cezary Kaliszyk , Josef Urban

There is a lot of research interest in encoding variable length sentences into fixed length vectors, in a way that preserves the sentence meanings. Two common methods include representations based on averaging word vectors, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-10 Yossi Adi , Einat Kermany , Yonatan Belinkov , Ofer Lavi , Yoav Goldberg

An embedding is a function that maps entities from one algebraic structure into another while preserving certain characteristics. Embeddings are being used successfully for mapping relational data or text into vector spaces where they can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-28 Maxat Kulmanov , Wang Liu-Wei , Yuan Yan , Robert Hoehndorf

Current advances in Artificial Intelligence and machine learning in general, and deep learning in particular have reached unprecedented impact not only across research communities, but also over popular media channels. However, concerns…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Artur d'Avila Garcez , Marco Gori , Luis C. Lamb , Luciano Serafini , Michael Spranger , Son N. Tran

This paper presents Non-Axiomatic Term Logic (NATL) as a theoretical computational framework of humanlike symbolic reasoning in artificial intelligence. NATL unites a discrete syntactic system inspired from Aristotle's term logic and a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Kotaro Funakoshi

Machine learning for tabular data remains constrained by poor schema generalization, a challenge rooted in the lack of semantic understanding of structured variables. This challenge is particularly acute in domains like clinical medicine,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hongxi Mao , Wei Zhou , Mengting Jia , Tao Fang , Huan Gao , Bin Zhang , Shangyang Li

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a formal language for describing a broad range of real-valued, temporal properties in cyber-physical systems. While there has been extensive research on verification and control synthesis from STL…

Knowledge representation is an important, long-history topic in AI, and there have been a large amount of work for knowledge graph embedding which projects symbolic entities and relations into low-dimensional, real-valued vector space.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Han Xiao , Minlie Huang , Xiaoyan Zhu