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Texts written in different languages reflect different culturally-dependent beliefs of their writers. Thus, we expect multilingual LMs (MLMs), that are jointly trained on a concatenation of text in multiple languages, to encode different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Rochelle Choenni , Anne Lauscher , Ekaterina Shutova

To create culturally inclusive vision-language models (VLMs), developing a benchmark that tests their ability to address culturally relevant questions is essential. Existing approaches typically rely on human annotators, making the process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 ChaeHun Park , Yujin Baek , Jaeseok Kim , Yu-Jung Heo , Du-Seong Chang , Jaegul Choo

Large Language Models (LLMs) are notorious for blending fact with fiction and generating non-factual content, known as hallucinations. To address this challenge, we propose an interactive system that helps users gain insight into the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Furui Cheng , Vilém Zouhar , Simran Arora , Mrinmaya Sachan , Hendrik Strobelt , Mennatallah El-Assady

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) are increasingly integrated into daily applications, yet their generative biases remain underexplored. Existing speech fairness benchmarks rely on synthetic speech and Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs),…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Yi-Cheng Lin , Yusuke Hirota , Sung-Feng Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Warning: This paper contains examples of stereotypes and biases. Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit considerable social biases, and various studies have tried to evaluate and mitigate these biases accurately. Previous studies use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Rem Hida , Masahiro Kaneko , Naoaki Okazaki

Vision-language models (VLMs) have gained widespread adoption in both industry and academia. In this study, we propose a unified framework for systematically evaluating gender, race, and age biases in VLMs with respect to professions. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ashutosh Sathe , Prachi Jain , Sunayana Sitaram

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown promising performance in vision-language understanding and reasoning tasks. However, their visual understanding behaviors remain underexplored. A fundamental question arises: to what extent do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Xiaoying Xing , Chia-Wen Kuo , Li Fuxin , Yulei Niu , Fan Chen , Ming Li , Ying Wu , Longyin Wen , Sijie Zhu

Language models can generate harmful and biased outputs and exhibit undesirable behavior according to a given cultural context. We propose a Process for Adapting Language Models to Society (PALMS) with Values-Targeted Datasets, an iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Irene Solaiman , Christy Dennison

Existing benchmarks that measure cultural adaptation in LLMs are misaligned with the actual challenges these models face when interacting with users from diverse cultural backgrounds. In this work, we introduce the first framework and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shreya Havaldar , Sunny Rai , Young-Min Cho , Lyle Ungar

Many studies have demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) can produce harmful responses, exposing users to unexpected risks when LLMs are deployed. Previous studies have proposed comprehensive taxonomies of the risks posed by LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Yuxia Wang , Zenan Zhai , Haonan Li , Xudong Han , Lizhi Lin , Zhenxuan Zhang , Jingru Zhao , Preslav Nakov , Timothy Baldwin

Large language models (LLMs) show promise in offering emotional support and generating empathetic responses for individuals in distress, but their ability to deliver culturally sensitive support remains underexplored due to a lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chen Cecilia Liu , Hiba Arnaout , Nils Kovačić , Dana Atzil-Slonim , Iryna Gurevych

Large language models (LLMs) may not equitably represent diverse global perspectives on societal issues. In this paper, we develop a quantitative framework to evaluate whose opinions model-generated responses are more similar to. We first…

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) to simulate user opinions has received growing attention. Yet LLMs, especially trained with reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), are known to exhibit biases toward dominant viewpoints,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ziyun Yu , Yiru Zhou , Chen Zhao , Hongyi Wen

Controversy is a reflection of our zeitgeist, and an important aspect to any discourse. The rise of large language models (LLMs) as conversational systems has increased public reliance on these systems for answers to their various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 David Q. Sun , Artem Abzaliev , Hadas Kotek , Zidi Xiu , Christopher Klein , Jason D. Williams

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in clinical decision support, yet current evaluations rarely reveal whether their outputs reflect genuine medical reasoning or superficial correlations. We introduce DeVisE (Demographics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Camila Zurdo Tagliabue , Heloisa Oss Boll , Aykut Erdem , Erkut Erdem , Iacer Calixto

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled human-like responses across various tasks, raising questions about their ethical decision-making capabilities and potential biases. This study systematically evaluates how nine…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Wentao Xu , Yile Yan , Yuqi Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) can pass explicit social bias tests but still harbor implicit biases, similar to humans who endorse egalitarian beliefs yet exhibit subtle biases. Measuring such implicit biases can be a challenge: as LLMs…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xuechunzi Bai , Angelina Wang , Ilia Sucholutsky , Thomas L. Griffiths

Quantifying identity fusion -- the psychological merging of self with another entity or abstract target (e.g., a religious group, political party, ideology, value, brand, belief, etc.) -- is vital for understanding a wide range of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Devin R. Wright , Jisun An , Yong-Yeol Ahn

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made unprecedented breakthroughs, yet their increasing integration into everyday life might raise societal risks due to generated unethical content. Despite extensive study on specific issues like bias, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Shitong Duan , Xiaoyuan Yi , Peng Zhang , Tun Lu , Xing Xie , Ning Gu

Low-resource languages serve as invaluable repositories of human history, embodying cultural evolution and intellectual diversity. Despite their significance, these languages face critical challenges, including data scarcity and…

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