English
Related papers

Related papers: The Power of Two in Token Systems

200 papers

The efficient and fair allocation of limited resources is a classical problem in economics and computer science. In kidney exchanges, a central market maker allocates living kidney donors to patients in need of an organ. Patients and donors…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Rachel Freedman , Jana Schaich Borg , Walter Sinnott-Armstrong , John P. Dickerson , Vincent Conitzer

Recent regulation on intraday electricity markets has led to the development of shared order books with the intention to foster competition and increase market liquidity. In this paper, we address the question of the efficiency of such…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-15 René Aïd , Philippe Bergault , Mathieu Rosenbaum

City road infrastructure is a public good, and over-consumption by self-interested, rational individuals leads to traffic jams. Congestion pricing is effective in reducing demand to sustainable levels, but also controversial, as it…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kevin Riehl , Anastasios Kouvelas , Michail Makridis

Current approaches to AI governance often fall short in anticipating a future where AI agents manage critical tasks, such as financial operations, administrative functions, and beyond. While cryptocurrencies could serve as the foundation…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Tomer Jordi Chaffer

We study a minimalist kinetic model for economies. A system of agents with local trading rules display emergent demand behaviour. We examine the resulting wealth distribution to look for non-thermal behaviour. We compare and contrast this…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Wan Ahmad Tajuddin Wan Abdullah , Sidiq Mohamad Khidzir

Empirical distributions of wealth and income can be reproduced using simplified agent-based models of economic interactions, analogous to microscopic collisions of gas particles. Building upon these models of freely interacting agents, we…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-03-10 Lennart Fernandes , Jacques Tempere

This position paper argues that agentic AI systems should be designed and evaluated as \emph{marginal token allocation economies} rather than as text generators priced by the unit. We follow a single request -- a developer asking a coding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Siqi Zhu

This paper studies a matching problem in which a group of agents cooperate with agents on two sides. In environments with either nontransferable or transferable utilities, we demonstrate that a stable outcome exists when cooperations…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-16 Chao Huang

Designing a financial market that works well is very important for developing and maintaining an advanced economy, but is not easy because changing detailed rules, even ones that seem trivial, sometimes causes unexpected large impacts and…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-01-08 Takanobu Mizuta

We study multi-type housing markets, where there are $p\ge 2$ types of items, each agent is initially endowed one item of each type, and the goal is to design mechanisms without monetary transfer to (re)allocate items to the agents based on…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-24 Sibel Adali , Sujoy Sikdar , Lirong Xia

Many real-world systems such as taxi systems, traffic networks and smart grids involve self-interested actors that perform individual tasks in a shared environment. However, in such systems, the self-interested behaviour of agents produces…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-01-31 David Mguni , Joel Jennings , Sergio Valcarcel Macua , Emilio Sison , Sofia Ceppi , Enrique Munoz de Cote

We consider a two-road dynamic routing game where the state of one of the roads (the "risky road") is stochastic and may change over time. This generates room for experimentation. A central planner may wish to induce some of the (finite…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-13 Emily Meigs , Francesca Parise , Asuman Ozdaglar , Daron Acemoglu

Aggregated phenomena in social sciences and economics are highly dependent on the way individuals interact. To help understanding the interplay between socio-economic activities and underlying social networks, this paper studies a…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 David Chavalarias

Stochastic service systems describe situations in which customers compete for service from scarce resources. Think of check-in lines at airports, waiting rooms in hospitals or queues in supermarkets, where the scarce resource is human…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-06-30 Britt W. J. Mathijsen

We present a novel agent-based approach to simulating an over-the-counter (OTC) financial market in which trades are intermediated solely by market makers and agent visibility is constrained to a network topology. Dynamics, such as changes…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-05-07 James T. Wilkinson , Jacob Kelter , John Chen , Uri Wilensky

Social storage systems are a good alternative to existing data backup systems of local, centralized, and P2P backup. In this paper, we look at two untouched aspects of social storage systems. One aspect involves modelling social storage as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-04-11 Pramod Mane , Kapil Ahuja , Nagarajan Krishnamurthy

In order to scale transaction rates for deployment across the global web, many cryptocurrencies have deployed so-called "Layer-2" networks of private payment channels. An idealized payment network behaves like a Credit Network, a model for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Geoffrey Ramseyer , Ashish Goel , David Mazieres

We investigate the implementation of reduced-form allocation probabilities in a two-person bargaining problem without side payments, where the agents have to select one alternative from a finite set of social alternatives. We provide a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-02-23 Xu Lang

Kidney transplants are sharply overdemanded in the United States. A recent innovation to address organ shortages is a kidney exchange, in which willing but medically incompatible patient-donor pairs swap donors so that two successful…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Irena Gao

Tandem queueing systems are widely-used stochastic models that arise from many real-life service operations systems. Motivated by the desire to understand the trade-off between the performance and complexity of policies for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-04-25 Tonghoon Suk , Xinchang Wang