English
Related papers

Related papers: Structural Nested Mean Models Under Parallel Trend…

200 papers

Structural Nested Mean Models (SNMMs) are useful for causal inference of treatment effects in longitudinal observational studies. Most existing works assume that the data are collected at pre-fixed time points for all subjects, which,…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-13 Shu Yang

Researchers commonly use difference-in-differences (DiD) designs to evaluate public policy interventions. While methods exist for estimating effects in the context of binary interventions, policies often result in varied exposures across…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-07 Gary Hettinger , Youjin Lee , Nandita Mitra

We consider design-based causal inference for spatial experiments in which treatments may have effects that bleed out and feed back in complex ways. Such spatial spillover effects violate the standard ``no interference'' assumption for…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-06 Ye Wang , Cyrus Samii , Haoge Chang , P. M. Aronow

We study the role of selection into treatment in difference-in-differences (DiD) designs. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for parallel trends assumptions under general classes of selection mechanisms. These conditions…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-03 Dalia Ghanem , Pedro H. C. Sant'Anna , Kaspar Wüthrich

I study identification, estimation and inference for spillover effects in experiments where units' outcomes may depend on the treatment assignments of other units within a group. I show that the commonly-used reduced-form linear-in-means…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-01-21 Gonzalo Vazquez-Bare

Stepped wedge designs (SWDs) are increasingly used to evaluate longitudinal cluster-level interventions but pose substantial challenges for valid inference. Because crossover times are randomized, intervention effects are intrinsically…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Fan Xia , K. C. Gary Chan , Emily Voldal , Avi Kenny , Patrick J. Heagerty , James P. Hughes

Quasi-experimental causal inference methods have become central in empirical operations management for guiding managerial decisions. Among these, empiricists utilize the Difference-in-Differences (DiD) estimator, which relies on the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-13 Mingxuan Ge , Dae Woong Ham

In longitudinal studies where units are embedded in space or a social network, interference may arise, meaning that a unit's outcome can depend on treatment histories of others. The presence of interference poses significant challenges for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Ye Wang , Michael Jetsupphasuk

This paper studies Difference-in-Differences (DiD) setups with repeated cross-sectional data and potential compositional changes across time periods. We begin our analysis by deriving the efficient influence function and the semiparametric…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-17 Pedro H. C. Sant'Anna , Qi Xu

Difference-in-differences (DiD) is one of the most popular approaches for empirical research in economics, political science, and beyond. Identification in these models is based on the conditional parallel trends assumption: In the absence…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-13 Philipp Bach , Sven Klaassen , Jannis Kueck , Mara Mattes , Martin Spindler

This paper proposes a novel approach for estimating treatment effects in panel data settings, addressing key limitations of the standard difference-in-differences (DID) approach. The standard approach relies on the parallel trends…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-14 Shoya Ishimaru

While deep neural networks (DNNs) are used for prediction, inference on DNN-estimated subject-specific means for categorical or exponential family outcomes remains underexplored. We address this by proposing a DNN estimator under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-18 Xuran Meng , Yi Li

In the standard difference-in-differences research design, the parallel trends assumption may be violated when the relationship between the exposure trend and the outcome trend is confounded by unmeasured confounders. Progress can be made…

We analyze the challenges for inference in difference-in-differences (DID) when there is spatial correlation. We present novel theoretical insights and empirical evidence on the settings in which ignoring spatial correlation should lead to…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-09-12 Bruno Ferman

Difference-in-differences (DID) approaches are widely used for estimating causal effects with observational data before and after an intervention. DID traditionally estimates the average treatment effect among the treated after making a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-24 Julia C. Thome , Andrew J. Spieker , Peter F. Rebeiro , Chun Li , Tong Li , Bryan E. Shepherd

We have reconsidered the problem of spin injection across ferromagnet/non-magnetic-semiconductor (FM/NMS) and dilute-magnetic-semiconductor/non-magnetic-semiconductor interfaces, for structures with \textit{finite} magnetic layers (FM or…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alexander Khaetskii , J. Carlos Egues , Daniel Loss , Charles Gould , Georg Schmidt , Laurens W. Molenkamp

Difference-in-differences (DID) is one of the most widely used causal inference frameworks in observational studies. However, most existing DID methods are designed for binary treatments and cannot be readily applied to non-binary treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-01 Siyu Heng , Yuan Huang , Hyunseung Kang

Experiments on online marketplaces and social networks suffer from interference, where the outcome of a unit is impacted by the treatment status of other units. We propose a framework for modeling interference using a ubiquitous deployment…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-21 Ariel Boyarsky , Hongseok Namkoong , Jean Pouget-Abadie

This paper develops a continuous functional framework for treatment effects propagating through geographic space and economic networks. We derive a master equation from three independent economic foundations -- heterogeneous agent…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-29 Tatsuru Kikuchi

Modern approaches to supervised learning like deep neural networks (DNNs) typically implicitly assume that observed responses are statistically independent. In contrast, correlated data are prevalent in real-life large-scale applications,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-30 Giora Simchoni , Saharon Rosset