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Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is critical for applications in healthcare, fitness, and IoT, but deploying accurate models on resource-constrained devices remains challenging due to high energy and memory demands. This paper demonstrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Alan T. L. Bacellar , Mugdha P. Jadhao , Shashank Nag , Priscila M. V. Lima , Felipe M. G. Franca , Lizy K. John

This article proposes a model-based deep reinforcement learning (DRL) method to design emergency control strategies for short-term voltage stability problems in power systems. Recent advances show promising results in model-free DRL-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-07 Ramij R. Hossain , Tianzhixi Yin , Yan Du , Renke Huang , Jie Tan , Wenhao Yu , Yuan Liu , Qiuhua Huang

State-of-the-art deep learning models have achieved significant performance levels on various benchmarks. However, the excellent performance comes at a cost of inefficient computational cost. Light-weight architectures, on the other hand,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Mohammad Akbari , Amin Banitalebi-Dehkordi , Yong Zhang

The recent ground-breaking advances in deep learning networks ( DNNs ) make them attractive for embedded systems. However, it can take a long time for DNNs to make an inference on resource-limited embedded devices. Offloading the…

Performance · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Ben Taylor , Vicent Sanz Marco , Willy Wolff , Yehia Elkhatib , Zheng Wang

Memory optimization for deep neural network (DNN) inference gains high relevance with the emergence of TinyML, which refers to the deployment of DNN inference tasks on tiny, low-power microcontrollers. Applications such as audio keyword…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Rafael Stahl , Daniel Mueller-Gritschneder , Ulf Schlichtmann

Many DNN-enabled vision applications constantly operate under severe energy constraints such as unmanned aerial vehicles, Augmented Reality headsets, and smartphones. Designing DNNs that can meet a stringent energy budget is becoming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Haichuan Yang , Yuhao Zhu , Ji Liu

The increasing deployment of large language models (LLMs) in natural language processing (NLP) tasks raises concerns about energy efficiency and sustainability. While prior research has largely focused on energy consumption during model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Johannes Zschache , Tilman Hartwig

The rapid growth of deep neural networks (DNNs) has brought increasing attention to their energy use during training and inference. Here, we establish the thermodynamic bounds on energy consumption in quasi-static analog DNNs by mapping…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-09 Alexei V. Tkachenko

The large memory requirements of deep neural networks limit their deployment and adoption on many devices. Model compression methods effectively reduce the memory requirements of these models, usually through applying transformations such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Brandon Reagen , Udit Gupta , Robert Adolf , Michael M. Mitzenmacher , Alexander M. Rush , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks

Despite rapid advancements, machine learning, particularly deep learning, is hindered by the need for large amounts of labeled data to learn meaningful patterns without overfitting and immense demands for computation and storage, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Xiaobo Zhao , Aaron Hurst , Panagiotis Karras , Daniel E. Lucani

Edge intelligence enables resource-demanding Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference without transferring original data, addressing concerns about data privacy in consumer Internet of Things (IoT) devices. For privacy-sensitive applications,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Xueshuo Xie , Haoxu Wang , Zhaolong Jian , Tao Li , Wei Wang , Zhiwei Xu , Guiling Wang

Model compression is a critical technique to efficiently deploy neural network models on mobile devices which have limited computation resources and tight power budgets. Conventional model compression techniques rely on hand-crafted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yihui He , Ji Lin , Zhijian Liu , Hanrui Wang , Li-Jia Li , Song Han

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been established as the state-of-the-art algorithm for advanced machine learning applications. Recently, CapsuleNets have improved the generalization ability, as compared to DNNs, due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Mohammad Taghi Teimoori , Muhammad Shafique

Deep neural networks have significantly improved performance on a range of tasks with the increasing demand for computational resources, leaving deployment on low-resource devices (with limited memory and battery power) infeasible. Binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Aaqib Saeed

While machine learning is traditionally a resource intensive task, embedded systems, autonomous navigation, and the vision of the Internet of Things fuel the interest in resource-efficient approaches. These approaches aim for a carefully…

Training deep neural networks (DNNs) directly on edge devices has attracted increasing attention, as it offers promising solutions to challenges such as domain adaptation and privacy preservation. However, conventional DNN training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Boran Zhao , Hetian Liu , Zihang Yuan , Li Zhu , Fan Yang , Lina Xie Tian Xia , Wenzhe Zhao , Pengju Ren

Artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled a new paradigm of smart applications -- changing our way of living entirely. Many of these AI-enabled applications have very stringent latency requirements, especially for applications on mobile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Anik Mallik , Haoxin Wang , Jiang Xie , Dawei Chen , Kyungtae Han

Deploying large deep neural networks on memory-constrained mobile devices is a central challenge in edge ML. While compression, pruning, and quantization reduce per-parameter cost, transformer-based models remain too large for the 3.3-7.4…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Lakshani Manamperi , Disumi Pathirana , Thiwanka Pathirana , Nipun Premarathna , Kutila Gunasekera

Frugal Machine Learning (FML) refers to the practice of designing Machine Learning (ML) models that are efficient, cost-effective, and mindful of resource constraints. This field aims to achieve acceptable performance while minimizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 John Violos , Konstantina-Christina Diamanti , Ioannis Kompatsiaris , Symeon Papadopoulos

Reducing inference time and energy usage while maintaining prediction accuracy has become a significant concern for deep neural networks (DNN) inference on resource-constrained edge devices. To address this problem, we propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Hasanul Mahmud , Peng Kang , Kevin Desai , Palden Lama , Sushil Prasad