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The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture allows AI to be embedded directly into the RAN through modular xApps and rApps, yet creating these applications collecting data, training models, writing code, and deploying them safely…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Seyed Bagher Hashemi Natanzi , Pranshav Gajja , Bo Tang , Vijay K. Shah

O-RAN systems and their deployment in virtualized general-purpose computing platforms (O-Cloud) constitute a paradigm shift expected to bring unprecedented performance gains. However, these architectures raise new implementation challenges…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Fatih Aslan , George Iosifidis , Jose A. Ayala-Romero , Andres Garcia-Saavedra , Xavier Costa-Perez

To enable an intelligent, programmable and multi-vendor radio access network (RAN) for 6G networks, considerable efforts have been made in standardization and development of open RAN (O-RAN). So far, however, the applicability of O-RAN in…

This research introduces an advanced Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework designed to elucidate the decision-making processes of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agents in ORAN architectures. By offering network-oriented…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-20 Suvidha Mhatre , Ferran Adelantado , Kostas Ramantas , Christos Verikoukis

This demo paper presents a dApp-based real-time spectrum sharing scenario where a 5th generation (5G) base station implementing the NR stack adapts its transmission and reception strategies based on the incumbent priority users in the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Rajeev Gangula , Andrea Lacava , Michele Polese , Salvatore D'Oro , Leonardo Bonati , Florian Kaltenberger , Pedram Johari , Tommaso Melodia

Traditional RAN systems are closed and monolithic, stifling innovation. The openness and programmability enabled by Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) are envisioned to revolutionize cellular networks with control-plane applications--xApps.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Xin Li , Shiming Yu , Leming Shen , Jianing Zhang , Yuanqing Zheng , Yaxiong Xie

The Open Radio Access Network (RAN) is a networking paradigm that builds on top of cloud-based, multi-vendor, open and intelligent architectures to shape the next generation of cellular networks for 5G and beyond. While this new paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Joshua Groen , Salvatore DOro , Utku Demir , Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Tommaso Melodia , Kaushik Chowdhury

In this paper, we investigate the uplink (UL) radio resource management for 5G aerial corridors with an open-radio access network (O-RAN)-enabled cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) system. Our objective is to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Manobendu Sarker , Md. Zoheb Hassan , Xianbin Wang

The rapid advancement of 5G networks and the upcoming transition to 6G necessitate the use of the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture to enable greater flexibility, interoperability, and innovation. This shift towards 6G and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Seyed Bagher Hashemi Natanzi , Bo Tang

The emergence of 6G technology represents a significant advancement in wireless communications, providing unprecedented speed, extremely low latency, and pioneering applications. In light of this development, an important question arises:…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Sneihil Gopal , Aziz Kord , Richard A. Rouil

For the energy-efficient deployment of cell-free massive MIMO functionality in a practical wireless network, the end-to-end (from radio site to the cloud) energy-aware operation is essential. In line with the cloudification and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-30 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Meysam Masoudi , Emil Björnson , Cicek Cavdar

Open radio access network (ORAN) provides an open architecture to implement radio access network (RAN) of the fifth generation (5G) and beyond mobile communications. As a key technology for the evolution to the sixth generation (6G)…

Handover optimization in O-RAN faces growing challenges due to heterogeneous user mobility patterns and rapidly varying radio conditions. Existing ML-based handover schemes typically operate at the near-RT layer, which lack awareness of the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Abdul Wadud , Fatemeh Golpayegani , Nima Afraz

The O-RAN architecture is transforming cellular networks by adopting RAN softwarization and disaggregation concepts to enable data-driven monitoring and control of the network. Such management is enabled by RICs, which facilitate…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Filippo Olimpieri , Noemi Giustini , Andrea Lacava , Salvatore D'Oro , Tommaso Melodia , Francesca Cuomo

The radio access network (RAN) part of the next-generation wireless networks will require efficient solutions for satisfying low latency and high-throughput services. The open RAN (O-RAN) is one of the candidates to achieve this goal, in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Turgay Pamuklu , Shahram Mollahasani , Melike Erol-Kantarci

The need for intelligent and efficient resource provisioning for the productive management of resources in real-world scenarios is growing with the evolution of telecommunications towards the 6G era. Technologies such as Open Radio Access…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Vaishnavi Kasuluru , Luis Blanco , Engin Zeydan , Albert Bel , Angelos Antonopoulos

Due to the huge surge in the traffic of IoT devices and applications, mobile networks require a new paradigm shift to handle such demand roll out. With the 5G economics, those networks should provide virtualized multi-vendor and intelligent…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Ibrahim Tamim , Anas Saci , Manar Jammal , Abdallah Shami

Innovation and standardization in 5G have brought advancements to every facet of the cellular architecture. This ranges from the introduction of new frequency bands and signaling technologies for the radio access network (RAN), to a core…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Michele Polese , Mischa Dohler , Falko Dressler , Melike Erol-Kantarci , Rittwik Jana , Raymond Knopp , Tommaso Melodia

Future sixth generation (6G) wireless communication networks face the need to similarly meet unprecedented quality of service (QoS) demands while also providing a larger energy efficiency (EE) to minimize their carbon footprint. Moreover,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Robert-Jeron Reifert , Stefan Roth , Alaa Alameer Ahmad , Aydin Sezgin

Recently, open radio access network (O-RAN) has become a promising technology to provide an open environment for network vendors and operators. Coordinating the x-applications (xAPPs) is critical to increase flexibility and guarantee high…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Han Zhang , Hao Zhou , Melike Erol-Kantarci