Related papers: What are kets?
We derive the radial action of a spinning probe particle in Kerr spacetime from the worldline formalism in the first-order form, focusing on linear in spin effects. We then develop a novel covariant Dirac bracket formalism to compute the…
In this series of papers I examine a special kind of geometric objects that can be defined in space-time --- five-dimensional tangent vectors. Similar objects exist in any other differentiable manifold, and their dimension is one unit…
The involutory birack counting invariant is an integer-valued invariant of unoriented tangles defined by counting homomorphisms from the fundamental involutory birack of the tangle to a finite involutory birack over a set of framings modulo…
We introduce birack brackets, skein invariants of birack-colored framed classical and virtual knots and links with values in a commutative unital ring. The multiset of birack bracket values over the homset from a framed link's fundamental…
We define a new algebraic structure called a \emph{pointed rack} and use it to construct ambient isotopy invariants of $ n $-braids. We first introduce an integer-valued invariant of braids using pointed racks. This is then strengthened by…
A kei, or 2-quandle, is an algebraic structure one can use to produce a numerical invariant of links, known as coloring invariants. Motivated by Mazur's analogy between prime numbers and knots, we define for every finite kei $\mathcal{K}$…
It is shown that if a representation of a *-algebra on a vector space $V$ is an irreducible *-representation with respect to some inner product on $V$ then under appropriate technical conditions this property determines the inner product…
Semi-inner-products in the sense of Lumer are extended to convex functionals. This yields a Hilbert-space like structure to convex functionals in Banach spaces. In particular, a general expression for semi-inner-products with respect to one…
We study a 1-form which can be given by a vector in a conformally invariant way. We then study conformally invariant functionals associated to a ``Y-diagram'' on the space of knots which are made from the 1-form.
We construct a novel invariant of braids and knots, secant-quandle (SQ),with generic secants serving as generators and generic horizontal trisecants serving as relations, i.e., $SQ = \Gamma \left< \mathcal{S}_M\mid…
Rota-Baxter operators are an algebraic abstraction of integration. Following this classical connection, we study the relationship between Rota-Baxter operators and integrals in the case of the polynomial algebra $\mathbf{k}[x]$. We consider…
We study the definition of perturbations in the presence of a submanifold, like e.g. a brane. In the standard theory of cosmological perturbations, one compares quantities at the same coordinate points in the non-perturbed and the perturbed…
It is argued that the orthodox interpretation of quantum mechanics is in conflict with the objective existence of space-time, and suggested that kets are labels which name real states of matter but do not directly describe them. Position is…
Consider a real valued function defined, but not differentiable at some point. We use sequences approaching the point of interest to define and study sequential concepts of secant and cord derivatives of the function at the point of…
The sets of contexts and properties of a concept are embedded in the complex Hilbert space of quantum mechanics. States are unit vectors or density operators, and contexts and properties are orthogonal projections. The way calculations are…
Tate objects have been studied by many authors. They allow us to deal with infinite dimensional spaces by identifying some more structure. In this article, we set up the theory of Tate objects in stable $(\infty,1)$-categories, while the…
This article provides an alternate characterization of dagger categories, which are central to the study of categorical quantum mechanics, in terms of inner product categories. An inner product category is an "achiral involutive" category…
An introductory overview of vector spaces, algebras, and linear geometries over an arbitrary commutative field is given. Quotient spaces are emphasized and used in constructing the exterior and the symmetric algebras of a vector space.…
We review origins and main properties of the most important bracket operations appearing canonically in differential geometry and mathematical physics in the classical, as well as the supergeometric setting. The review is supplemented by a…
The article considers some concrete solutions to the Dirac equation coupled to a vector bundle with connection, arising in the study of Yang-Mills equations and vector bundles on Riemann surfaces.