English
Related papers

Related papers: Optimal Sequential Procedure for Early Detection o…

200 papers

Every design choice will have different effects on different units. However traditional A/B tests are often underpowered to identify these heterogeneous effects. This is especially true when the set of unit-level attributes is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-09 Alexander Peysakhovich , Akos Lada

Due to ethical and economical reasons, sequential single-arm trial designs are used for assessing the therapeutic efficacy of new treatments in phase II trials. Simon's 2-stage design and Lan-DeMets' $\alpha$-spending function method with…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-31 Tasuku Inao , Isao Yokota

Bayesian Optimization aims at optimizing an unknown non-convex/concave function that is costly to evaluate. We are interested in application scenarios where concurrent function evaluations are possible. Under such a setting, BO could choose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-05-02 Javad Azimi , Ali Jalali , Xiaoli Fern

Understanding vaccine effects on post-infection outcomes is critical for evaluating the full value proposition of a vaccine. However, defining appropriate causal effects on such outcomes is challenging because infection is affected by…

Phase I dose-escalation trials constitute the first step in investigating the safety of potentially promising drugs in humans. Conventional methods for phase I dose-escalation trials are based on a single treatment schedule only. More…

Applications · Statistics 2021-03-04 Burak Kürsad Günhan , Sebastian Weber , Abdelkader Seroutou , Tim Friede

A new model for controlled sensing for multihypothesis testing is proposed and studied in the sequential setting. This new model, termed {\em controlled Markovian observation} model, exhibits a more complicated memory structure in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-07-01 Sirin Nitinawarat , Venupogal V. Veeravalli

When an individual reports a negative interaction with some system, how can their personal experience be contextualized within broader patterns of system behavior? We study the reporting database problem, where individual reports of adverse…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jessica Dai , Paula Gradu , Inioluwa Deborah Raji , Benjamin Recht

Motivated by a study about prompt coronary angiography in myocardial infarction, we propose a method to estimate the causal effect of a treatment in two-arm experimental studies with possible non-compliance in both treatment and control…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-10-26 F. Bartolucci , A. Farcomeni

Heterogeneous treatment effects can be very important in the analysis of randomized clinical trials. Heightened risks or enhanced benefits may exist for particular subsets of study subjects. When the heterogeneous treatment effects are…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-25 Richard A. Berk , Matthew Olson , Andreas Buja , Aurelie Ouss

This thesis considers sequential decision problems, where the loss/reward incurred by selecting an action may not be inferred from observed feedback. A major part of this thesis focuses on the unsupervised sequential selection problem,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Arun Verma

Widely used methods and software for group sequential tests of a null hypothesis of no treatment difference that allow for early stopping of a clinical trial depend primarily on the fact that sequentially-computed test statistics have the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-19 Anastasios A. Tsiatis , Marie Davidian

Long-term outcomes of experimental evaluations are necessarily observed after long delays. We develop semiparametric methods for combining the short-term outcomes of experiments with observational measurements of short-term and long-term…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-08-21 Jiafeng Chen , David M. Ritzwoller

The propensity score is a common tool for estimating the causal effect of a binary treatment in observational data. In this setting, matching, subclassification, imputation, or inverse probability weighting on the propensity score can…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-03 Michael J Lopez , Roee Gutman

Searches for statistically significant correlations between arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and classes of astrophysical objects are common in astroparticle physics. We present a method to test potential correlation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Y. BenZvi , B. M. Connolly , S. Westerhoff

This paper studies the problem of high-dimensional multiple testing and sparse recovery from the perspective of sequential analysis. In this setting, the probability of error is a function of the dimension of the problem. A simple…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-06-06 Matthew Malloy , Robert Nowak

We propose new, optimal methods for analyzing randomized trials, when it is suspected that treatment effects may differ in two predefined subpopulations. Such sub-populations could be defined by a biomarker or risk factor measured at…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-11-26 Michael Rosenblum , Han Liu , and En-Hsu Yen

Early phase, personalized dose-finding trials for combination therapies seek to identify patient-specific optimal biological dose (OBD) combinations, which are defined as safe dose combinations which maximize therapeutic benefit for a…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-18 James Willard , Shirin Golchi , Erica EM Moodie

This paper describes a methodology for detecting anomalies from sequentially observed and potentially noisy data. The proposed approach consists of two main elements: (1) {\em filtering}, or assigning a belief or likelihood to each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Maxim Raginsky , Rebecca Willett , Corinne Horn , Jorge Silva , Roummel Marcia

Identifying causal effects is a key problem of interest across many disciplines. The two long-standing approaches to estimate causal effects are observational and experimental (randomized) studies. Observational studies can suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Sepehr Elahi , Sina Akbari , Jalal Etesami , Negar Kiyavash , Patrick Thiran

This paper develops a theory and methodology for estimation of Gini index such that both cost of sampling and estimation error are minimum. Methods in which sample size is fixed in advance, cannot minimize estimation error and sampling cost…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-21 Shyamal Krishna De , Bhargab Chattopadhyay