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Rydberg atoms, with one highly-excited, nearly-ionized electron, have extreme sensitivity to electric fields, including microwave fields ranging from 100 MHz to over 1 THz. Here we show that room-temperature Rydberg atoms can be used as…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-10-30 David H. Meyer , Kevin C. Cox , Fredrik K. Fatemi , Paul D. Kunz

Rydberg quantum sensors are sensitive to radio-frequency fields across an ultra-wide frequency range spanning megahertz to terahertz electromagnetic waves resonant with Rydberg atom dipole transitions. Here we demonstrate an atomic…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-07-12 Remy Legaie , Georg Raithel , David A. Anderson

We optimize theoretically and experimentally the performances of the recently demonstrated modulation transfer protocol [D.-A. Trinh, K. V. Adwaith, M. Branco, A. Rouxel, S. Welinski, P. Berger, F. Goldfarb, and F. Bretenaker, Applied…

Rydberg atoms, due to their large polarizabilities and strong transition dipole moments, have been utilized as sensitive electric field sensors. While their capability to detect modulated signals has been previously demonstrated, these…

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic systems involving Rydberg states is known to be a sensitive probe of incident microwave (MW) fields, in particular those resonant with Rydberg-to-Rydberg transitions. Here we propose…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-10-06 Sebastian Borówka , Uliana Pylypenko , Mateusz Mazelanik , Michał Parniak

With the re-definition of the International System of Units (SI) that occurred in October of 2018, there has recently been a great deal of attention on the development of atom-based sensors for metrology applications. In particular, great…

Microwave sensing has important applications in areas such as data communication and remote sensing, so it has received much attention from international academia, industry, and governments. Atomic wireless sensing uses the strong response…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-05-29 Bang Liu , Li-Hua Zhang , Zong-Kai Liu , Zi-An Deng , Dong-Sheng Ding , Bao-Sen Shi , Guang-Can Guo

Rydberg sensors offer a unique approach to radio frequency (RF) detection, leveraging the high sensitivity and quantum properties of highly-excited atomic states to achieve performance levels beyond classical technologies. Non-linear…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Luís Felipe Gonçalves , Teng Zhang , Georg Raithel , David A. Anderson

Rydberg atoms in a gas form are highly sensitive electric field probes capable of detecting and measuring the amplitude, phase, and polarization of broadband time-varying signals. Here, we present the performance of a frequency modulated…

The Rydberg atomic quantum receivers (RAQR) are emerging quantum precision sensing platforms designed for receiving radio frequency (RF) signals. It relies on creation of Rydberg atoms from normal atoms by exciting one or more electrons to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Tierui Gong , Aveek Chandra , Chau Yuen , Yong Liang Guan , Rainer Dumke , Chong Meng Samson See , Mérouane Debbah , Lajos Hanzo

Detecting microwave signals over a wide frequency range has numerous advantages as it enables simultaneous transmission of a large amount of information and access to more spectrum resources. This capability is crucial for applications such…

Rydberg atom-based radio frequency electromagnetic field sensors are drawing wide-spread interest because of their unique properties, such as small size, dielectric construction, and self-calibration. These photonic sensors use lasers to…

Radio reception relies on antennas for the collection of electromagnetic fields carrying information, and receiver elements for demodulation and retrieval of the transmitted information. Here we demonstrate an atom-based receiver for AM and…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-08-12 David A. Anderson , Rachel E. Sapiro , Georg Raithel

The four-level heterodyne Rydberg atom receiver has garnered significant attention in microwave detection and communication due to its high sensitivity and phase measurement capabilities. Existing theoretical studies, primarily based on…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Yu Tang , Siyuan Wang , Shuang Ren , Chuang Yang , Hanbin Zhou , Chenxi Lu

Quantum sensing using Rydberg atoms offers unprecedented opportunities for next-generation radar systems, transcending classical limitations in miniaturization and spectral agility. Implementing this paradigm for radar sensing, this work…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Minze Chen , Tianqi Mao , Zhiao Zhu , Haonan Feng , Ge Gao , Zhonghuai Wu , Wei Xiao , Zhongxiang Li , Dezhi Zheng

Rydberg-atom receivers aim for ultra-high sensitivity to microwave fields through various techniques, but receiving satellite signals has remained a significant challenge, due to the difficulty of capturing weak microwaves over long…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 Mignwei Lei , Jianquan Zhang , Qun Luo , Zhentao Zhang , Ming Wang , Meng Shi

Electric field sensors based on Rydberg atoms offer unique capabilities, relative to traditional sensors, for detecting radio-frequency signals. In this work, we demonstrate simultaneous demodulation and detection of five rf tones spanning…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 David H. Meyer , Joshua C. Hill , Paul D. Kunz , Kevin C. Cox

Rydberg atomic sensors and receivers have enabled sensitive and traceable measurements of RF fields at a wide range of frequencies. Here we demonstrate the detection of electric field amplitude in the extremely high frequency (EHF) band, at…

Rydberg atomic receivers hold extremely high sensitivity to electric fields, yet their effective 3-dB baseband bandwidth under conventional electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is typically constrained to tens to a few hundreds of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Yuanbin Chen , Chau Yuen , Chong Meng Samson See

A highly excited Rydberg atom via electromagnetically induced transparency with two color cascading lasers has extreme sensitivity to electric fields of microwave ranging from 100 MHz to over 1 THz. It can be used as susceptible atom-based…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-11-15 M. H. Cai , Z. S. Xu , S. H. You , H. P. Liu
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