Related papers: Helium Detection in Technical Materials
The helium flash, occurring in stars of 0.6-2.0 M$_\odot$ at the end of the red giant branch, is not observable via optical means due to the energy of the process being used to lift the core out of degeneracy. Neutrinos, which are linked to…
Primary cosmic-ray elemental spectra have been measured with the balloon-borne Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) experiment since 2004. The third CREAM payload (CREAM-III) flew for 29 days during the 2007-2008 Antarctic season.…
We present Keck NIRSPEC and Keck NIRES spectroscopy of sixteen metal-poor galaxies that have pre-existing optical observations. The near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy specifically targets the HeI 10830A emission line, due to its sensitivity…
Thermonuclear burning on the surface of accreting neutron stars is observed to stabilize at accretion rates almost an order of magnitude lower than theoretical models predict. One way to resolve this discrepancy is by including a base…
We analyze the experimental data on inelastic neutron scattering by a thin ~5-atomic-layer film of liquid helium at three different temperatures: T=0.4K, 0.98K and 1.3K. These data were partially published previously, but here we present…
Recent studies have argued that the progenitor system of type Iax supernovae must consist of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf accreting from a helium star companion. Based on existing explosion models invoking the pure deflagration of…
The helium standard of Japan, referred to as HESJ, is an inter-laboratory standard for the 3He/4He ratio. While the ratio of 3He and 4He of the HESJ was previously determined by a relative comparison to atmospheric helium, the absolute…
The European HiPER project aims to demonstrate commercial viability of inertial fusion energy within the following two decades. This goal requires an extensive Research & Development program on materials for different applications (e.g.,…
Almost every helium atom in the Universe was created just a few minutes after the Big Bang through a process commonly referred to as Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. The amount of helium that was made during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis is determined…
A sudden loss of vacuum can be catastrophic for particle accelerators. In such an event, air leaks into the liquid-helium-cooled accelerator beamline tube and condenses on its inner surface, causing rapid boiling of the helium and dangerous…
We propose an experimental setup to observe coherent elastic neutrino-atom scattering (CE$\nu$AS) using electron antineutrinos from tritium decay and a liquid helium target. In this scattering process with the whole atom, that has not beeen…
Direct searches for light dark matter particles (mass $<10$ GeV) are especially challenging because of the low energies transferred in elastic scattering to typical heavy nuclear targets. We investigate the possibility of using liquid…
We examine in depth a recent proposal to utilize superfluid helium for direct detection of sub-MeV mass dark matter. For sub-keV recoil energies, nuclear scattering events in liquid helium primarily deposit energy into long-lived phonon and…
This manuscript embarks on an inquiry into the influence of helium implantation on nanocrystalline tungsten, a contender for plasma-facing components (PFCs) in nuclear fusion reactors. The study underscores the inevitability of helium…
Nuclei are unique analyzers for the early stage of the space-time development of hadronization. DIS at medium energies is especially suitable for this task being sensitive to hadronization dynamics, since the production length is comparable…
Low dimensional quantum fluids, where one can probe the effects of enhanced thermal and quantum fluctuations on macroscopic quantum wavefunctions, can be experimentally realized through transverse physical confinement of superfluid helium…
The possibilities of detecting high energy neutrinos through inclined showers produced in the atmosphere are addressed with an emphasis on the detection of air showers by arrays of particle detectors. Rates of inclined showers produced by…
Helium bubbles nucleation and growth in metals or metal tritide is a long-standing problem attracting considerable attention in nuclear industry but the mechanism remains indistinct and predicting the growth rate of helium bubble is…
Learning how to safely handle Plasma-Material Interaction (PMI) is a key challenge towards the commercialisation of energy from nuclear fusion. In this respect, linear plasma devices are ideal experimental testbeds, and numerical codes play…
We have constructed an apparatus to study DC electrical breakdown in liquid helium at temperatures as low as 0.4 K and at pressures between the saturated vapor pressure and $\sim$600 torr. The apparatus can house a set of electrodes that…