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Large Language Models (LLMs) possess remarkable generalization capabilities but struggle with multi-task adaptation, particularly in balancing knowledge retention with task-specific specialization. Conventional fine-tuning methods suffer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Dayan Pan , Zhaoyang Fu , Jingyuan Wang , Xiao Han , Yue Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao

Neural Networks (NNs) trained through supervised learning struggle with managing edge-case scenarios common in real-world driving due to the intractability of exhaustive datasets covering all edge-cases, making knowledge-driven approaches,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Nicolas Baumann , Cheng Hu , Paviththiren Sivasothilingam , Haotong Qin , Lei Xie , Michele Magno , Luca Benini

Several practical multi-user multi-carrier communication systems are characterized by a multi-carrier interference channel system model where the interference is treated as noise. For these systems, spectrum optimization is a promising…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-28 Paschalis Tsiaflakis , François Glineur

In this paper, we present NEMO, a system that translates Natural-language descriptions of decision problems into formal Executable Mathematical Optimization implementations, operating collaboratively with users or autonomously. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yang Song , Anoushka Vyas , Zirui Wei , Sina Khoshfetrat Pakazad , Henrik Ohlsson , Graham Neubig

Combinatorial optimization (CO) problems are pivotal across various industrial applications, where the speed of solving these problems is crucial. Improving the performance of CO solvers across diverse input instances requires fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Shingo Aihara , Matthieu Parizy

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique is important for achieving a high data rate in next-generation wireless communications. A key challenge to fully utilizing the effectiveness of the NOMA technique is the optimization of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Teppei Otsuka , Aohan Li , Hiroki Takesue , Kensuke Inaba , Kazuyuki Aihara , Mikio Hasegawa

This paper seeks to advance CVRP research by addressing the challenge of understanding the nuanced relationships between instance characteristics and metaheuristic (MH) performance. We present Instance Space Analysis (ISA) as a valuable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Alessandra M. M. M. Gouvêa , Nuno Paulos , Eduardo Uchoa , Mariá C. V. Nascimento

Recent advances in neural neighborhood search methods have shown potential in tackling Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs). However, most existing approaches rely on simplistic state representations and fuse heterogeneous information via naive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Xiangling Chen , Yi Mei , Mengjie Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to their input contexts, motivating the development of automated context engineering. However, existing methods predominantly treat this as a global search problem, seeking a single context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jiachen Zhu , Zhuoying Ou , Congmin Zheng , Yuxiang Chen , Zeyu Zheng , Rong Shan , Lingyu Yang , Lionel Z. Wang , Weiwen Liu , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang , Jianghao Lin

Recently, neural networks (NN) have made great strides in combinatorial optimization. However, they face challenges when solving the capacitated arc routing problem (CARP) which is to find the minimum-cost tour covering all required edges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Runze Guo , Feng Xue , Anlong Ming , Nicu Sebe

We propose a method for learning decision-makers' behavior in routing problems using Inverse Optimization (IO). The IO framework falls into the supervised learning category and builds on the premise that the target behavior is an optimizer…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Pedro Zattoni Scroccaro , Piet van Beek , Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani , Bilge Atasoy

Relevant combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) are often NP-hard. While they have been tackled mainly via handcrafted heuristics in the past, advances in neural networks have motivated the development of general methods to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Tim Dernedde , Daniela Thyssens , Sören Dittrich , Maximilian Stubbemann , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) is an emerging domain where deep learning techniques are employed to address combinatorial optimization problems as a standalone solver. Despite their potential, existing NCO methods often suffer from…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Andoni I. Garmendia , Quentin Cappart , Josu Ceberio , Alexander Mendiburu

Combinatorial optimization (CO) problems, central to decision-making scenarios like logistics and manufacturing, are traditionally solved using problem-specific algorithms requiring significant domain expertise. While large language models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Xia Jiang , Yaoxin Wu , Minshuo Li , Zhiguang Cao , Yingqian Zhang

Applying machine learning to combinatorial optimization problems has the potential to improve both efficiency and accuracy. However, existing learning-based solvers often struggle with generalization when faced with changes in problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Chenguang Wang , Zhouliang Yu , Stephen McAleer , Tianshu Yu , Yaodong Yang

Recent deep reinforcement learning methods have achieved remarkable success in solving multi-objective combinatorial optimization problems (MOCOPs) by decomposing them into multiple subproblems, each associated with a specific weight…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Mingfeng Fan , Jianan Zhou , Yifeng Zhang , Yaoxin Wu , Jinbiao Chen , Guillaume Adrien Sartoretti

Adaptive Computation (AC) has been shown to be effective in improving the efficiency of Open-Domain Question Answering (ODQA) systems. However, current AC approaches require tuning of all model parameters, and training state-of-the-art ODQA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Yuxiang Wu , Pasquale Minervini , Pontus Stenetorp , Sebastian Riedel

Vehicle routing problems (VRPs), which can be found in numerous real-world applications, have been an important research topic for several decades. Recently, the neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) approach that leverages a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Fei Liu , Xi Lin , Zhenkun Wang , Qingfu Zhang , Xialiang Tong , Mingxuan Yuan

The constructive approach within Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) treats a combinatorial optimization problem as a finite Markov decision process, where solutions are built incrementally through a sequence of decisions guided by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jonathan Pirnay , Dominik G. Grimm

Many real-world optimization problems involve uncertain parameters with probability distributions that can be estimated using contextual feature information. In contrast to the standard approach of first estimating the distribution of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-03 Meng Qi , Paul Grigas , Zuo-Jun Max Shen