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The design and implementation of error correcting codes has long been informed by two fundamental results: Shannon's 1948 capacity theorem, which established that long codes use noisy channels most efficiently; and Berlekamp, McEliece, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Ken R. Duffy , Muriel Médard , Wei An

Channel decoding is a challenging task in communication channels exhibiting memory effects. In this work, we apply the recently proposed decoding paradigm of guessing random additive noise decoding (GRAND) to channels with memory, focusing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Zhuang Li , Wenyi Zhang

Speculative decoding accelerates Large Language Models (LLMs) inference by using a lightweight draft model to propose candidate tokens that are verified in parallel by the target model. However, existing draft model training objectives are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zihao An , Taichi Liu , Ziqiong Liu , Dong Li , Ruofeng Liu , Emad Barsoum

Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding (GRAND) is a family of hard- and soft-detection error correction decoding algorithms that provide accurate decoding of any moderate redundancy code of any length. Here we establish a method through…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Kevin Galligan , Peihong Yuan , Muriel Médard , Ken R. Duffy

Speculative decoding (SD), where a draft model provides multiple candidate tokens for the target model to verify in parallel, has demonstrated significant potential for accelerating LLM inference. Yet, existing SD approaches adhere to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Enyu Zhou , Kai Sheng , Hao Chen , Xin He

Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding (GRAND) is a recently proposed approximate Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoding technique that can decode any linear error-correcting block code. Ordered Reliability Bits GRAND (ORBGRAND) is a powerful…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Syed Mohsin Abbas , Thibaud Tonnellier , Furkan Ercan , Marwan Jalaleddine , Warren J. Gross

Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding (GRAND) is a universal decoding algorithm that has been recently proposed as a practical way to perform maximum likelihood decoding. It generates a sequence of possible error patterns and applies them…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Carlo Condo

A novel and efficient neural decoder algorithm is proposed. The proposed decoder is based on the neural Belief Propagation algorithm and the Automorphism Group. By combining neural belief propagation with permutations from the Automorphism…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-10 Eliya Nachmani , Yaron Bachar , Elad Marciano , David Burshtein , Yair Be'ery

Downlink precoding is considered for multi-path multi-input single-output channels where the base station uses orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing and low-resolution signaling. A quantized coordinate minimization (QCM) algorithm is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Andrei Stefan Nedelcu , Fabian Steiner , Gerhard Kramer

Providing connectivity to a massive number of devices is a key challenge in 5G wireless systems. In particular, it is crucial to develop efficient methods for active device identification and message decoding in a multi-cell network with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Pei Yang , Dongning Guo , Hongwen Yang

The QR Decomposition (QRD) of communication channel matrices is a fundamental prerequisite to several detection schemes in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication systems. Herein, the main feature of the QRD is to transform the…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Sebastien Aubert , Manar Mohaisen , Fabienne Nouvel , KyungHi Chang

Fast SC decoding overcomes the latency caused by the serial nature of the SC decoding by identifying new nodes in the upper levels of the SC decoding tree and implementing their fast parallel decoders. In this work, we first present a novel…

We propose "Generative Fusion Decoding" (GFD), a novel shallow fusion framework designed to integrate large language models (LLMs) into cross-modal text recognition systems for automatic speech recognition (ASR) and optical character…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Chan-Jan Hsu , Yi-Chang Chen , Feng-Ting Liao , Pei-Chen Ho , Yu-Hsiang Wang , Po-Chun Hsu , Da-shan Shiu

This paper proposes a highly efficient global coded-multiplexing scheme, conceptualized as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing over a finite field (FF-OFDM), for reliable multiuser communications. By utilizing a prime length cyclic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Juane Li , Qi-yue Yu , Khaled Abdel-Ghaffar , Shu Lin

We propose an easy-to-implement hard-decision majority-logic decoding algorithm for Reed-Muller codes RM(r,m) with m >= 3, m/2 >= r >= 1. The presented algorithm outperforms the best known majority-logic decoding algorithms and offers…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Juliane Bertram , Peter Hauck , Michael Huber

This letter introduces two fast maximum-likelihood (ML) detection methods for 4*4 quasi-orthogonal space-time block code (QOSTBC). The first algorithm with a relatively simple design exploits structure of quadrature amplitude modulation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Adel Ahmadi , Siamak Talebi

This paper characterizes the latency of the simplified successive-cancellation (SSC) decoding scheme for polar codes under hardware resource constraints. In particular, when the number of processing elements $P$ that can perform SSC…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Seyyed Ali Hashemi , Marco Mondelli , Arman Fazeli , Alexander Vardy , John Cioffi , Andrea Goldsmith

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. However, the substantial number of parameters in LLMs contributes to significant latency during model inference. This is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Pengfei Wu , Jiahao Liu , Zhuocheng Gong , Qifan Wang , Jinpeng Li , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Dongyan Zhao

Decoding methods for large language models often trade-off between diversity of outputs and parallelism of computation. Methods such as beam search and Gumbel top-k sampling can guarantee a different output for each element of the beam, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Luke Vilnis , Yury Zemlyanskiy , Patrick Murray , Alexandre Passos , Sumit Sanghai

We present a low-complexity and low-latency decoding algorithm for a class of Reed-Muller (RM) subcodes that are defined based on the product of smaller RM codes. More specifically, the input sequence is shaped as a multi-dimensional array,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Mohammad Vahid Jamali , Mohammad Fereydounian , Hessam Mahdavifar , Hamed Hassani