Related papers: Expectation Entropy as a Password Strength Metric
Although there have been many solutions applied, the safety challenges related to the password security mechanism are not reduced. The reason for this is that while the means and tools to support password attacks are becoming more and more…
This research investigates the role of passwords and passphrases as valid authentication methodologies. Specifically, this research dispels earlier work that ignores information-theoretic lessons learned from cognitive and social psychology…
Maximization of an expensive, unimodal function under random observations has been an important problem in hyperparameter tuning. It features expensive function evaluations (which means small budgets) and a high level of noise. We develop…
The estimation of entropy rates for stationary discrete-valued stochastic processes is a well studied problem in information theory. However, estimating the entropy rate for stationary continuous-valued stochastic processes has not received…
Despite the massive investments in information security technologies and research over the past decades, the information security industry is still immature. In particular, the prioritization of remediation efforts within vulnerability…
Despite the popular of multimodal statistical models, there lacks rigorous statistical inference tools for inferring the significance of a single modality within a multimodal model, especially in high-dimensional models. For…
Given a sample of independent and identically distributed random variables, a novel nonparametric maximum entropy method is presented to estimate the underlying continuous univariate probability density function (pdf). Estimates are found…
Over the years security experts in the field of Information Technology have had a tough time in making passwords secure. This paper studies and takes a careful look at this issue from the angle of philosophy and cognitive science. We have…
This letter reports two moment extensions of the entropy of a distribution. By understanding the traditional entropy as the average of the original distribution up to a random variable transformation, the traditional moments equation become…
Today, offline attacks are one of the most severe threats to password security. These attacks have claimed millions of passwords from prominent websites including Yahoo, LinkedIn, Twitter, Sony, Adobe and many more. Therefore, as a…
This paper investigates the secret key authentication capacity region. Specifically, the focus is on a model where a source must transmit information over an adversary controlled channel where the adversary, prior to the source's…
An increase in the novelty of news predicts negative stock market returns and negative macroeconomic outcomes over the next year. We quantify news novelty - changes in the distribution of news text - through an entropy measure, calculated…
Encryption has increasingly been used in all applications for various purposes, but it also brings big challenges to network security. In this paper, we take first steps towards addressing some of these chal- lenges by introducing a novel…
Very little attention has been paid to the comparison of efficiency between high accuracy statistical parsers. This paper proposes one machine-independent metric that is general enough to allow comparisons across very different parsing…
Entropy and differential entropy are important quantities in information theory. A tractable extension to singular random variables-which are neither discrete nor continuous-has not been available so far. Here, we present such an extension…
We introduce a novel notion of invariance feedback entropy to quantify the state information that is required by any controller that enforces a given subset of the state space to be invariant. We establish a number of elementary properties,…
Measuring the complexity of tree structures can be beneficial in areas that use tree data structures for storage, communication, and processing purposes. This complexity can then be used to compress tree data structures to their…
Some protected password change protocols were proposed. However, the previous protocols were easily vulnerable to several attacks such as denial of service, password guessing, stolen-verifier and impersonation atacks etc. Recently, Chang et…
This study investigates entropy's potential for analyzing scientific research patterns across disciplines. Originating from thermodynamics, entropy now measures uncertainty and diversity in information systems. We examine Shannon Entropy,…
Accurate and timely detection of cyber threats is critical to keeping our online economy and data safe. A key technique in early detection is the classification of unusual patterns of network behaviour, often hidden as low-frequency events…