Related papers: Effective results for polynomial values of (altern…

In this paper we consider the Diophantine equation \begin{align*}b^k +\left(a+b\right)^k &+ \cdots + \left(a\left(x-1\right) + b\right)^k=\\ &=d^l + \left(c+d\right)^l + \cdots + \left(c\left(y-1\right) + d\right)^l, \end{align*} where…

In this paper we study the Diophantine equation \begin{align*} b^k + \left(a+b\right)^k + &\left(2a+b\right)^k + \ldots + \left(a\left(x-1\right) + b\right)^k = \\ &y\left(y+c\right) \left(y+2c\right) \ldots \left(y+…

We prove congruences, modulo a power of a prime p, for certain finite sums involving central binomial coefficients $\binom{2k}{k}$.

A variation on the sum-product problem seeks to show that a set which is defined by additive and multiplicative operations will always be large. In this paper, we prove new results of this type. In particular, we show that for any finite…

In a recent paper the authors studied the denominators of polynomials that represent power sums by Bernoulli's formula. Here we extend our results to power sums of arithmetic progressions. In particular, we obtain a simple explicit…

The problem of finding the sum of a polynomial's values is considered. In particular, for any $n\geq 3$, the explicit formula for the sum of the $n$th powers of natural numbers $S_n=\sum_{x=1}^{m}x^{n}$ is proved:…

We investigate the coefficients of the polynomial \[ S_{m,r}^n(\ell)=r^n+(m+r)^n+(2m+r)^n+\cdots+((\ell-1)m+r)^n. \] We prove that these can be given in terms of Stirling numbers of the first kind and $r$-Whitney numbers of the second kind.…

By polynomial (or extended binomial) coefficients, we mean the coefficients in the expansion of integral powers, positive and negative, of the polynomial $1+t +\cdots +t^{m}$; $m\geq 1$ being a fixed integer. We will establish several…

Let $a\geq 1, b\geq 0$ and $k\geq 2$ be any given integers. It has been proven that there exist infinitely many natural numbers $m$ such that sum of divisors of $m$ is a perfect $k$th power. We try to generalize this result when the values…

In this article, we prove some factorization results for several classes of polynomials having integer coefficients, which in particular yield several classes of irreducible polynomials. Such classes of polynomials are devised by imposing…

We study divisibility properties of certain sums and alternating sums involving binomial coefficients and powers of integers. For example, we prove that for all positive integers $n_1,..., n_m$, $n_{m+1}=n_1$, and any nonnegative integer…

We improve a result of Bennett concerning certain sequences involving sums of powers of positive integers.

We will prove several congruences modulo a power of a prime such as $$ \sum_{0<k_1<...<k_{n}<p}\leg{p-k_{n}}{3} {(-1)^{k_{n}}\over k_1... k_{n}}\equiv {lll} -{2^{n+1}+2\over 6^{n+1}} p B_{p-n-1}({1\over 3}) &\pmod{p^2} &{if $n$ is odd}…

Given positive real numbers, we prove two inequalities involving their potential energy and their power sums. We also prove an inequality involving the energy and the discriminant and apply it to deduce a result on totally positive…

We prove exact asymptotic expansions for the partial sums of the sequences of central binomial coefficients and Catalan numbers, $\sum_{k=0}^n \binom{2k}{k}$ and $\sum_{k=0}^n C_n$. We also obtain closed forms for the polynomials…

We study two new classes of sums with inverse binomial coefficients and harmonic numbers. In addition we establish recursive solutions to the following power sums \begin{equation*} U_d(n) = \sum_{k=1}^n \frac{2^{2k}}{\binom{2k}{k}} \cdot…

We present several congruences modulo a power of prime $p$ concerning sums of the following type $\sum_{k=1}^{p-1}{m^k\over k^r}{2k\choose k}^{-1}$ which reveal some interesting connections with the analogous infinite series.

We consider binomial and inverse binomial sums at infinity and rewrite them in terms of a small set of constants, such as powers of $\pi$ or $\log(2)$. In order to perform these simplifications, we view the series as specializations of…

Let $A$ be a finite set of integers. We show that if $k$ is a prime power or a product of two distinct primes then $$|A+k\cdot A|\geq(k+1)|A|-\lceil k(k+2)/4\rceil$$ provided $|A|\geq (k-1)^{2}k!$, where $A+k\cdot A=\{a+kb:\ a,b\in A\}$. We…

We primarily investigate congruences modulo $p$ for finite sums of the form $\sum_k\binom{rk}{k}x^k/k$ over the ranges $0<k<p$ and $0<k<p/r$, where $p$ is a prime larger than the positive integer $r$. Here $x$ is an indeterminate, thus…