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For an oriented graph $D$ and a set $X\subseteq V(D)$, the inversion of $X$ in $D$ is the graph obtained from $D$ by reversing the orientation of each edge that has both endpoints in $X$. Define the inversion number of $D$, denoted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Natalie Behague , Tom Johnston , Natasha Morrison , Shannon Ogden

For an oriented graph $D$, the inversion of $X\subseteq V(D)$ in $D$ is the graph obtained by reversing the orientation of all arcs with both ends in $X$. The inversion number $\mathrm{inv}(D)$ is the minimum number of inversions needed to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-15 Natalie Behague , Patrick Gaudart-Wifling

For an oriented graph $D$ and a set $X\subseteq V(D)$, the inversion of $X$ in $D$ is the digraph obtained by reversing the orientations of the edges of $D$ with both endpoints in $X$. The inversion number of $D$, $\textrm{inv}(D)$, is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Noga Alon , Emil Powierski , Michael Savery , Alex Scott , Elizabeth Wilmer

The {\it inversion} of a set $X$ of vertices in a digraph $D$ consists in reversing the direction of all arcs of $D\langle X\rangle$. The {\it inversion number} of an oriented graph $D$, denoted by ${\rm inv}(D)$, is the minimum number of…

Let $D$ be an oriented graph. The inversion of a set $X$ of vertices in $D$ consists in reversing the direction of all arcs with both ends in $X$. The inversion number of $D$, denoted by ${\rm inv}(D)$, is the minimum number of inversions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-14 Jørgen Bang-Jensen , Jonas Costa Ferreira da Silva , Frédéric Havet

Given an oriented graph $D$, the inversion of a subset $X$ of vertices consists in reversing the orientation of all arcs with both endpoints in $X$. When the subset $X$ is of size $p$ (resp. at most $p$), this operation is called an…

The {\it inversion} of a set $X$ of vertices in a digraph $D$ consists of reversing the direction of all arcs of $D\langle X\rangle$. We study $sinv'_k(D)$ (resp. $sinv_k(D)$) which is the minimum number of inversions needed to transform…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Julien Duron , Frédéric Havet , Florian Hörsch , Clément Rambaud

An oriented graph $D$ is converse invariant if, for any tournament $T$, the number of copies of $D$ in $T$ is equal to that of its converse $-D$. El Sahili and Ghazo Hanna [J. Graph Theory 102 (2023), 684-701] showed that any oriented graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-25 Jiangdong Ai , Gregory Gutin , Hui Lei , Anders Yeo , Yacong Zhou

In an oriented graph, the inversion of a subset of vertices X is the operation reversing the direction of every arc with both endpoints in X. Given a graph G, the inversion distance between two orientations G is the minimum number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Carmen Arana , Thomas Bellitto , Hector Buffière , Quentin Chuet , Théo Pierron , Amadeus Reinald

A digraph $D$ is an oriented graph if $D$ does not have a pair of opposite arcs. The degree of a vertex $v$ of $D$ is the sum of the in-degree and out-degree of $v.$ Let $fvs(D)$ be the minimum number of vertices whose deletion from $D$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Jiangdong Ai , Gregory Gutin , Xiangzhou Liu , Anders Yeo , Yacong Zhou

In an oriented graph $\vec{G}$, the inversion of a subset $X$ of vertices consists in reversing the orientation of all arcs with both endvertices in $X$. The inversion graph of a labelled graph $G$, denoted by ${\mathcal{I}}(G)$, is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-09 Frédéric Havet , Florian Hörsch , Clément Rambaud

The dichromatic number $\dic(D)$ of a digraph $D$ is the least integer $k$ such that $D$ can be partitioned into $k$ directed acyclic digraphs. A digraph is $k$-dicritical if $\dic(D) = k$ and each proper subgraph $D'$ of $D$ satisfies…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-05 Pierre Aboulker , Thomas Bellitto , Frédéric Havet , Clément Rambaud

The dichromatic number $\vec{\chi}(D)$ of a digraph $D=(V,A)$ is the minimum number of sets in a partition $V_1,\ldots{},V_k$ of $V$ into $k$ subsets so that the induced subdigraph $D[V_i]$ is acyclic for each $i\in [k]$. This is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Jørgen Bang-Jensen , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta , Anders Yeo

A class of acyclic digraphs $\mathscr{C}$ is linearly unavoidable if there exists a constant $c$ such that every digraph $D\in \mathscr{C}$ is contained in all tournaments of order $c\cdot |V(D)|$. The class of all acyclic digraphs is not…

In an oriented graph $\overrightarrow{G}$, the inversion of a subset $X$ of vertices is the operation that reverses the orientation of all arcs with both end-vertices in $X$. The inversion graph of a graph $G$, denoted by $\mathcal{I}(G)$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Yichen Wang , Haozhe Wang , Yuxuan Yang , Mei Lu

An {\it inversion} of a tournament $T$ is obtained by reversing the direction of all edges with both endpoints in some set of vertices. Let ${\rm inv}_k(T)$ be the minimum length of a sequence of inversions using sets of size at most $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Raphael Yuster

Let $D$ be a digraph. Its acyclic number $\vec{\alpha}(D)$ is the maximum order of an acyclic induced subdigraph and its dichromatic number $\vec{\chi}(D)$ is the least integer $k$ such that $V(D)$ can be partitioned into $k$ subsets…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Pierre Aboulker , Frédéric Havet , François Pirot , Juliette Schabanel

We consider the transformation reversing all arcs of a subset $X$ of the vertex set of a tournament $T$. The \emph{index} of $T$, denoted by $i(T)$, is the smallest number of subsets that must be reversed to make $T$ acyclic. It turns out…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-07-14 Houmem Belkhechine , Moncef Bouaziz , Imed Boudabbous , Maurice Pouzet

Inversion of a directed graph $D$ with respect to a vertex subset $Y$ is the directed graph obtained from $D$ by reversing the direction of every arc whose endpoints both lie in $Y$. More generally, the inversion of $D$ with respect to a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Dhanyamol Antony , L. Sunil Chandran , Dalu Jacob , R. B. Sandeep

In an oriented graph $\vec{G}$, the {\it inversion} of a subset $X$ of vertices consists in reversing the orientation of all arcs with both endvertices in $X$. The {\it $(\leq p)$-inversion graph} of a labelled graph $G$, denoted by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Frédéric Havet , Clément Rambaud , Caroline Silva
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