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Deep models have driven significant advances in click-through rate (CTR) prediction. While vertical scaling via layer stacking improves model expressiveness, the layer-by-layer sequential computation poses challenges to efficient scaling.…

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a parameter-efficient technique for rapidly fine-tuning foundation models. In standard LoRA training dynamics, models tend to quickly converge to a local optimum near the initialization. However, this local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zhan Zhuang , Xiequn Wang , Yulong Zhang , Wei Li , Yu Zhang , Ying Wei

Scaling up the number of parameters of language models has proven to be an effective approach to improve performance. For dense models, increasing model size proportionally increases the model's computation footprint. In this work, we seek…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Cicero Nogueira dos Santos , James Lee-Thorp , Isaac Noble , Chung-Ching Chang , David Uthus

In this paper, we address the challenges associated with merging low-rank adaptations of large neural networks. With the rise of parameter-efficient adaptation techniques, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), model fine-tuning has become…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Aniello Panariello , Daniel Marczak , Simone Magistri , Angelo Porrello , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Andrew D. Bagdanov , Simone Calderara , Joost van de Weijer

Effectively integrating molecular graph structures with Large Language Models (LLMs) is a key challenge in drug discovery. Most existing multi-modal alignment methods typically process these structures by fine-tuning the LLM or adding a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Tao Yin , Xiaohong Zhang , Jiacheng Zhang , Li Huang , Zhibin Zhang , Yuansong Zeng , Jin Xie , Meng Yan

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained clients remains a challenging problem. Recent works have fused low-rank adaptation (LoRA) techniques with federated fine-tuning to mitigate challenges associated with client…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Wenzhi Fang , Dong-Jun Han , Liangqi Yuan , Seyyedali Hosseinalipour , Christopher G. Brinton

Merging parameter-efficient task experts has recently gained growing attention as a way to build modular architectures that can be rapidly adapted on the fly for specific downstream tasks, without requiring additional fine-tuning.…

As a parameter efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method, low-rank adaptation (LoRA) can save significant costs in storage and computing, but its strong adaptability to a single task is often accompanied by insufficient cross-task generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Shaoheng Wang , Yao Lu , Yuqi Li , Yaxin Gao , Jiaqi Nie , Shanqing Yu , Yingli Tian , Qi Xuan

Scaling large language models (LLMs) significantly improves performance but comes with prohibitive computational costs. Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models offer an efficient alternative, increasing capacity without a proportional rise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Aditya Vavre , Ethan He , Dennis Liu , Zijie Yan , June Yang , Nima Tajbakhsh , Ashwath Aithal

Model merging has emerged as a crucial technique in Deep Learning, enabling the integration of multiple models into a unified system while preserving perfor-mance and scalability. In this respect, the compositional properties of low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Riccardo Salami , Pietro Buzzega , Matteo Mosconi , Jacopo Bonato , Luigi Sabetta , Simone Calderara

Multi-task learning (MTL) enables the efficient transfer of extra knowledge acquired from other tasks. The high correlation between multimodal sentiment analysis (MSA) and multimodal emotion recognition (MER) supports their joint training.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Shuo Zhang , Jinsong Zhang , Zhejun Zhang , Lei Li

With more open-source models available for diverse tasks, model merging has gained attention by combining models into one, reducing training, storage, and inference costs. Current research mainly focuses on model merging for full…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Shenghe Zheng , Hongzhi Wang , Chenyu Huang , Xiaohui Wang , Tao Chen , Jiayuan Fan , Shuyue Hu , Peng Ye

Large language models like ChatGPT have shown substantial progress in natural language understanding and generation, proving valuable across various disciplines, including the medical field. Despite advancements, challenges persist due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Yusheng Liao , Shuyang Jiang , Yu Wang , Yanfeng Wang

Foundation models pre-trained on large-scale datasets demonstrate strong transfer learning capabilities; however, their adaptation to complex multi-label diagnostic tasks-such as comprehensive head CT finding detection-remains understudied.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in various reasoning tasks. However, they encounter significant challenges when it comes to scientific reasoning, particularly in physics, which requires not only mathematical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Raj Jaiswal , Dhruv Jain , Harsh Parimal Popat , Avinash Anand , Abhishek Dharmadhikari , Atharva Marathe , Rajiv Ratn Shah

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enables efficient scaling of large language models by activating only a subset of experts per input token. However, deploying MoE-based models incurs significant memory overhead due to the need to retain all experts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Geng Zhang , Yuxuan Han , Yuxuan Lou , Yiqi Zhang , Wangbo Zhao , Yang You

Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved astonishing successes in many domains, especially with the recent breakthroughs in the development of foundational large models. These large models, leveraging their extensive training data, provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Siyuan Mu , Sen Lin

Foundation models such as Wav2Vec2 excel at representation learning in speech tasks, including audio deepfake detection. However, after being fine-tuned on a fixed set of bonafide and spoofed audio clips, they often fail to generalize to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-18 Janne Laakkonen , Ivan Kukanov , Ville Hautamäki

In fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), conserving computational resources while maintaining effectiveness and improving outcomes within the same computational constraints is crucial. The Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) strategy balances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Xiaojun Xiao , Sen Shen , Qiming Bao , Hongfei Rong , Kairui Liu , Zhongsheng Wang , Jiamou Liu

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to new domains/tasks and enabling them to be efficient lifelong learners is a pivotal challenge. In this paper, we propose MoRAL, i.e., Mixture-of-Experts augmented Low-Rank Adaptation for Lifelong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Shu Yang , Muhammad Asif Ali , Cheng-Long Wang , Lijie Hu , Di Wang