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High-rate quantum error correcting (QEC) codes with moderate overheads in qubit number and control complexity are highly desirable for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. Recently, quantum error correction has experienced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-31 Laura Pecorari , Sven Jandura , Gavin K. Brennen , Guido Pupillo

Quantum computing promises the possibility of studying the real-time dynamics of nonperturbative quantum field theories while avoiding the sign problem that obstructs conventional lattice approaches. Current and near-future quantum devices…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-12-15 Christopher Culver , David Schaich

Quantum computers have advanced rapidly in qubit count and gate fidelity. However, large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computing still relies on quantum error correction code (QECC) to suppress noise. Manually or experimentally verifying the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Kean Chen , Yuhao Liu , Wang Fang , Jennifer Paykin , Xin-Chuan Wu , Albert Schmitz , Steve Zdancewic , Gushu Li

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) is one of the fundamental problems in quantum computer systems, which aims to detect and correct errors in the data qubits within quantum computers. Due to the presence of unreliable data qubits in existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-08 Yue Zhao

Realizing the potential of quantum computing will require achieving sufficiently low logical error rates. Many applications call for error rates in the $10^{-15}$ regime, but state-of-the-art quantum platforms typically have physical error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-19 Zijun Chen , Kevin J. Satzinger , Juan Atalaya , Alexander N. Korotkov , Andrew Dunsworth , Daniel Sank , Chris Quintana , Matt McEwen , Rami Barends , Paul V. Klimov , Sabrina Hong , Cody Jones , Andre Petukhov , Dvir Kafri , Sean Demura , Brian Burkett , Craig Gidney , Austin G. Fowler , Harald Putterman , Igor Aleiner , Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Ryan Babbush , Joseph C. Bardin , Andreas Bengtsson , Alexandre Bourassa , Michael Broughton , Bob B. Buckley , David A. Buell , Nicholas Bushnell , Benjamin Chiaro , Roberto Collins , William Courtney , Alan R. Derk , Daniel Eppens , Catherine Erickson , Edward Farhi , Brooks Foxen , Marissa Giustina , Jonathan A. Gross , Matthew P. Harrigan , Sean D. Harrington , Jeremy Hilton , Alan Ho , Trent Huang , William J. Huggins , L. B. Ioffe , Sergei V. Isakov , Evan Jeffrey , Zhang Jiang , Kostyantyn Kechedzhi , Seon Kim , Fedor Kostritsa , David Landhuis , Pavel Laptev , Erik Lucero , Orion Martin , Jarrod R. McClean , Trevor McCourt , Xiao Mi , Kevin C. Miao , Masoud Mohseni , Wojciech Mruczkiewicz , Josh Mutus , Ofer Naaman , Matthew Neeley , Charles Neill , Michael Newman , Murphy Yuezhen Niu , Thomas E. O'Brien , Alex Opremcak , Eric Ostby , Bálint Pató , Nicholas Redd , Pedram Roushan , Nicholas C. Rubin , Vladimir Shvarts , Doug Strain , Marco Szalay , Matthew D. Trevithick , Benjamin Villalonga , Theodore White , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Adam Zalcman , Hartmut Neven , Sergio Boixo , Vadim Smelyanskiy , Yu Chen , Anthony Megrant , Julian Kelly

We present a systematic method for translating fault-tolerant quantum circuits between their braiding and lattice surgery (LS) representations within the surface code. Our approach employs the ZX calculus to establish an equivalence between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Alexandru Paler

Bosonic systems offer unique advantages for quantum error correction, as a single bosonic mode provides a large Hilbert space to redundantly encode quantum information. However, previous studies have been limited to exploiting symmetries in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Dong-Long Hu , Weizhou Cai , Chang-Ling Zou , Ze-Liang Xiang

Large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computations will be enabled by quantum error-correcting codes (QECC). This work presents the first systematic technique to test the accuracy and effectiveness of different QECC decoding schemes by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-22 Arshpreet Singh Maan , Alexandru Paler

Color code is a promising topological code for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Insufficient research on the color code has delayed its practical application. In this work, we address several key issues to facilitate practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Jiaxuan Zhang , Yu-Chun Wu , Guo-Ping Guo

In the evolving landscape of quantum computing, determining the most efficient parameters for Quantum Error Correction (QEC) is paramount. Various quantum computers possess varied types and amounts of physical noise. Traditionally,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Avimita Chatterjee , Debarshi Kundu , Swaroop Ghosh

Dynamical quantum error-correcting codes (QECC) offer wider possibilities in how one can protect logical quantum information from noise and perform fault-tolerant quantum computation compared to static QECCs. A family of dynamical QECCs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Andrew Tanggara , Mile Gu , Kishor Bharti

Quantum computing has the potential to solve problems that are intractable for classical systems, yet the high error rates in contemporary quantum devices often exceed tolerable limits for useful algorithm execution. Quantum Error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 Hanrui Wang , Pengyu Liu , Kevin Shao , Dantong Li , Jiaqi Gu , David Z. Pan , Yongshan Ding , Song Han

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. While superconducting qubits are among the most promising candidates for scalable QEC, their limited nearest-neighbor connectivity presents…

We propose a family of surface codes with general lattice structures, where the error-tolerances against bit and phase errors can be controlled asymmetrically by changing the underlying lattice geometries. The surface codes on various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Keisuke Fujii , Yuuki Tokunaga

Fault-tolerant quantum computation relies on scaling up quantum error correcting codes in order to suppress the error rate on the encoded quantum states. Topological codes, such as the surface code or color codes are leading candidates for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Pedro Parrado-Rodríguez , Manuel Rispler , Markus Müller

A quantum error correction (QEC) code uses $N_{\rm c}$ quantum bits to construct one "logical" quantum bits of better quality than the original "physical" ones. QEC theory predicts that the failure probability $p_L$ of logical qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-15 Xavier Waintal

Quantum error correction (QEC) requires the execution of deep quantum circuits with large numbers of physical qubits to protect information against errors. Designing protocols that can reduce gate and space-time overheads of QEC is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Laura Pecorari , Sven Jandura , Guido Pupillo

Encoding logical qubits with surface codes and performing multi-qubit logical operations with lattice surgery is one of the most promising approaches to demonstrate fault-tolerant quantum computing. Thus, a method to efficiently schedule a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Kou Hamada , Yasunari Suzuki , Yuuki Tokunaga

Quantum computers have the potential to change the way we solve computational problems. Due to the noisy nature of qubits, the need arises to correct physical errors occurring during computation. The surface code is a promising candidate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-06 Gyorgy P. Geher , Ophelia Crawford , Earl T. Campbell

The essential requirement for fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) is the total protocol design to achieve a fair balance of all the critical factors relevant to its practical realization, such as the space overhead, the threshold, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-03 Satoshi Yoshida , Shiro Tamiya , Hayata Yamasaki