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Related papers: Drawing Competitive Districts in Redistricting

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Algorithmic and statistical approaches to congressional redistricting are becoming increasingly valuable tools in courts and redistricting commissions for quantifying gerrymandering in the United States. While there is existing literature…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Gilvir Gill

This paper investigates why and when the edge-based districting problem becomes computationally intractable. The overall problem is represented as an exact mathematical programming formulation consisting of an objective function and several…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Niklas Jost , Adolfo Escobedo , Alice Kirchheim

We study the computational complexity of the map redistricting problem (gerrymandering). Mathematically, the electoral district designer (gerrymanderer) attempts to partition a weighted graph into $k$ connected components (districts) such…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Jack Dippel , Max Dupré la Tour , April Niu , Sanjukta Roy , Adrian Vetta

Redistricting is the process by which electoral district boundaries are drawn, and a common normative assumption in this process is that districts should be drawn so as to capture coherent communities of interest (COIs). While states rely…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Jacob Kruse , Song Gao , Yuhan Ji , Daniel P. Szabo , Kenneth Mayer

Political districts may be drawn to favor one group or political party over another, or gerrymandered. A number of measurements have been suggested as ways to detect and prevent such behavior. These measures give concrete axes along which…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Richard Barnes , Justin Solomon

Gerrymandering, the deliberate manipulation of electoral district boundaries for political advantage, is a persistent issue in U.S. redistricting cycles. This paper introduces and analyzes a new phenomenon, 'votemandering'- a strategic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Sanyukta Deshpande , Ian G Ludden , Sheldon H Jacobson

In recent years, in an effort to promote fairness in the election process, a wide variety of techniques and metrics have been proposed to determine whether a map is a partisan gerrymander. The most accessible measures, requiring easily…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-11 Thomas Ratliff , Stephanie Somersille , Ellen Veomett

We introduce a non-partisan probability distribution on congressional redistricting of North Carolina which emphasizes the equal partition of the population and the compactness of districts. When random districts are drawn and the results…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-11-03 Jonathan C. Mattingly , Christy Vaughn

The American winner-take-all congressional district system empowers politicians to engineer electoral outcomes by manipulating district boundaries. Existing computational solutions mostly focus on drawing unbiased maps by ignoring political…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Wes Gurnee , David B. Shmoys

Gerrymandering is a long-standing issue within the U.S. political system, and it has received scrutiny recently by the U.S. Supreme Court. In this note, we prove that deciding whether there exists a fair redistricting among legal maps is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Richard Kueng , Dustin G. Mixon , Soledad Villar

Assuming that partisan fairness and responsiveness are important aspects of redistricting, it is important to measure them. Many measures of partisan bias are satisfactory for states that are balanced with roughly equal proportions of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-09-29 John F. Nagle , Alec Ramsay

After every U.S. national census, a state legislature is required to redraw the boundaries of congressional districts in order to account for changes in population. At the moment this is done in a highly partisan way, with districting done…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Jason Dou

We investigate the distribution of partisanship in a cross-section of ten diverse States to elucidate how votes translate into seats won and other metrics. Markov chain simulations taking into account partisanship distribution agree…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-03-03 Constantine , Gonatas

This paper presents a novel mechanism to endogenously determine the fair division of a state into electoral districts in a two-party setting. No geometric constraints are imposed on voter distributions or district shapes; instead, it is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Jamie Tucker-Foltz

Political actors often manipulate redistricting plans to gain electoral advantages, a process known as gerrymandering. Several states have implemented institutional reforms to address this problem, such as establishing map-drawing…

Applications · Statistics 2025-08-12 Cory McCartan , Christopher T. Kenny , Tyler Simko , Emma Ebowe , Michael Y. Zhao , Kosuke Imai

This preprint offers a detailed look, both qualitative and quantitative, at districting with respect to recent voting patterns in one state: Pennsylvania. We investigate how much the partisan playing field is tilted by political geography.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Jonathan Rodden , Thomas Weighill

Every representative democracy must specify a mechanism under which voters choose their representatives. The most common mechanism in the United States -- Winner takes all single-member districts -- both enables substantial partisan…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Nikhil Garg , Wes Gurnee , David Rothschild , David Shmoys

Landau, Reid, and Yershov [A Fair Division Solution to the Problem of Redistricting, \textit{Social Choice and Welfare}, 2008] propose a protocol for drawing legislative districts based on a two player fair division process, where each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-15 Jessica De Silva , Brady Gales , Bryson Kagy , David Offner

Deciding whether a political districting plan was distorted by a hidden agenda, or whether it dilutes the voting power of some group, requires a neutral baseline for comparison. Remarkably, all nine U.S. Supreme Court justices have now…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-18 Sarah Cannon , Moon Duchin , Dana Randall , Parker Rule

We study the NP-hard Fair Connected Districting problem recently proposed by Stoica et al. [AAMAS 2020]: Partition a vertex-colored graph into k connected components (subsequently referred to as districts) so that in every district the most…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Niclas Boehmer , Tomohiro Koana , Rolf Niedermeier