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The multi-answer phenomenon, where a question may have multiple answers scattered in the document, can be well handled by humans but is challenging enough for machine reading comprehension (MRC) systems. Despite recent progress in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Chen Zhang , Jiuheng Lin , Xiao Liu , Yuxuan Lai , Yansong Feng , Dongyan Zhao

Zero-shot learning has received increasing interest as a means to alleviate the often prohibitive expense of annotating training data for large scale recognition problems. These methods have achieved great success via learning intermediate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-27 Yanwei Fu , Yongxin Yang , Tim Hospedales , Tao Xiang , Shaogang Gong

In cross-lingual language understanding, machine translation is often utilized to enhance the transferability of models across languages, either by translating the training data from the source language to the target, or from the target to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Tingfeng Cao , Chengyu Wang , Chuanqi Tan , Jun Huang , Jinhui Zhu

Large language models have recently been shown to attain reasonable zero-shot generalization on a diverse set of tasks (Brown et al., 2020). It has been hypothesized that this is a consequence of implicit multitask learning in language…

Recent studies show that large language models (LLMs) can be instructed to effectively perform zero-shot passage re-ranking, in which the results of a first stage retrieval method, such as BM25, are rated and reordered to improve relevance.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Andrew Drozdov , Honglei Zhuang , Zhuyun Dai , Zhen Qin , Razieh Rahimi , Xuanhui Wang , Dana Alon , Mohit Iyyer , Andrew McCallum , Donald Metzler , Kai Hui

The increased use of multiple-choice (MC) questions in introductory-level physics final exams is largely hindered by reservations about its ability to test the broad cognitive domain that is routinely accessed with typical…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-06-16 Aaron D. Slepkov

Recent studies report that many machine reading comprehension (MRC) models can perform closely to or even better than humans on benchmark datasets. However, existing works indicate that many MRC models may learn shortcuts to outwit these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Yuxuan Lai , Chen Zhang , Yansong Feng , Quzhe Huang , Dongyan Zhao

In spite of much recent research in the area, it is still unclear whether subject-area question-answering data is useful for machine reading comprehension (MRC) tasks. In this paper, we investigate this question. We collect a large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Dian Yu , Kai Sun , Dong Yu , Claire Cardie

There has been a recent spike in interest in multi-modal Language and Vision problems. On the language side, most of these models primarily focus on English since most multi-modal datasets are monolingual. We try to bridge this gap with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Pranav Aggarwal , Ritiz Tambi , Ajinkya Kale

Automatic machine translation (MT) metrics are widely used to distinguish the translation qualities of machine translation systems across relatively large test sets (system-level evaluation). However, it is unclear if automatic metrics are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Nikita Moghe , Tom Sherborne , Mark Steedman , Alexandra Birch

Zero-shot text classification (ZSC) offers the promise of eliminating costly task-specific annotation by matching texts directly to human-readable label descriptions. While early approaches have predominantly relied on cross-encoder models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ilias Aarab

This report presents a solution for the zero-shot referring expression comprehension task. Visual-language multimodal base models (such as CLIP, SAM) have gained significant attention in recent years as a cornerstone of mainstream research.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Longfei Huang , Feng Yu , Zhihao Guan , Zhonghua Wan , Yang Yang

In this paper, we proposed two strategies which can be applied to a multilingual neural machine translation system in order to better tackle zero-shot scenarios despite not having any parallel corpus. The experiments show that they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Thanh-Le Ha , Jan Niehues , Alexander Waibel

We propose a new paradigm for zero-shot learners that is format agnostic, i.e., it is compatible with any format and applicable to a list of language tasks, such as text classification, commonsense reasoning, coreference resolution, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Ping Yang , Junjie Wang , Ruyi Gan , Xinyu Zhu , Lin Zhang , Ziwei Wu , Xinyu Gao , Jiaxing Zhang , Tetsuya Sakai

Since long, research on machine translation has been ongoing. Still, we do not get good translations from MT engines so developed. Manual ranking of these outputs tends to be very time consuming and expensive. Identifying which one is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-11-25 Pooja Gupta , Nisheeth Joshi , Iti Mathur

Answer validation in machine reading comprehension (MRC) consists of verifying an extracted answer against an input context and question pair. Previous work has looked at re-assessing the "answerability" of the question given the extracted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Revanth Gangi Reddy , Md Arafat Sultan , Efsun Sarioglu Kayi , Rong Zhang , Vittorio Castelli , Avirup Sil

Machine Learning models have many potentially beneficial applications in education settings, but a key barrier to their development is securing enough data to train these models. Labelling educational data has traditionally relied on highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Owen Henkel , Libby Hills

Documents are composed of smaller pieces - paragraphs, sentences, and tokens - that have complex relationships between one another. Sentiment classification models that take into account the structure inherent in these documents have a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Jeremy Barnes , Vinit Ravishankar , Lilja Øvrelid , Erik Velldal

This paper describes our submission of the WMT 2020 Shared Task on Sentence Level Direct Assessment, Quality Estimation (QE). In this study, we empirically reveal the \textit{mismatching issue} when directly adopting BERTScore to QE.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Lei Zhou , Liang Ding , Koichi Takeda

Machine Learning (ML) techniques for image classification routinely require many labelled images for training the model and while testing, we ought to use images belonging to the same domain as those used for training. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Preeti Jagdish Sajjan , Frank G. Glavin