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With the extensive integration of volatile and uncertain renewable energy, power systems face significant challenges in primary frequency regulation due to instantaneous power fluctuations. However, the maximum frequency deviation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-15 Kai Kang , Xiaoyu Peng , Kui Luo , Xi Ru , Feng Liu

The growing integration of renewable energy sources into distribution networks poses significant challenges to frequency and voltage stability due to their intermittent nature and low-inertia dynamics. This paper proposes a multilevel…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Xian Wu , Jan H. van Schuppen , Hai Xiang Lin

In commercial inverters, an LCL filter is considered an integral part to filter out the switching harmonics and generate a sinusoidal output voltage. The existing literature on the averaged virtual oscillator controller (VOC) dynamics is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-31 Muhammad Ali , Hendra I. Nurdin , John E. Fletcher

This letter proposes a general decentralized control of cascaded inverters-power factor angle droop control. Compared to the existing control strategies, it has the following attractive benefits: 1) it is suitable for both grid-connected…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-23 Yao Sun , Lang Li , Guangze Shi , Xiaochao Hou , Mei Su

Hybrid AC/DC networks are a key technology for future electrical power systems, due to the increasing number of converter-based loads and distributed energy resources. In this paper, we consider the design of control schemes for hybrid…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-12-27 Jeremy D. Watson , Ioannis Lestas

A rapid deployment of renewable generation has led to significant reduction in the rotational system inertia and damping, thus making frequency control in power systems more challenging. This paper proposes a novel control scheme based on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-07 Ognjen Stanojev , Uros Markovic , Petros Aristidou , Gabriela Hug , Duncan Callaway , Evangelos Vrettos

Ensuring the stability of power systems is gaining more attraction today than ever before, due to the rapid growth of uncertainties in load and renewable energy penetration. Lately, wide area measurement system-based centralized controlling…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-23 Yousaf Hashmy , Zhe Yu , Di Shi , Yang Weng

Based on recent advances in contraction methods in systems and control, in this paper we present the virtual differential passivity based control (v-dPBC) technique. This is a constructive design method that combines the concept of virtual…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-11-02 Rodlfo Reyes-Báez , Arjan van der Schaft , Bayu Jayawardhana

Power systems are subject to fundamental changes due to the increasing infeed of decentralised renewable energy sources and storage. The decentralised nature of the new actors in the system requires new concepts for structuring the power…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2020-04-22 Lia Strenge , Paul Schultz , Jürgen Kurths , Jörg Raisch , Frank Hellmann

In this paper, we propose a novel four-stage distributed controller for a DC microgrid that achieves power sharing and average voltage regulation for the voltages at actuated and unactuated buses. The controller is presented for a DC…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-01 Albertus Johannes Malan , Pol Jané-Soniera , Felix Strehle , Sören Hohmann

Voltage control in power distribution networks has been greatly challenged by the increasing penetration of volatile and intermittent devices. These devices can also provide limited reactive power resources that can be used to regulate the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-07-26 Hao Jan Liu , Wei Shi , Hao Zhu

Inverter-based resources (IBR) have been widely studied for their advantages on the current power systems. This increase in the penetration of renewable energy has raised some concerns about the stability of the existing grid. Historically,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-11 Mohammed F. Allehyani , Mohamed Abuagreb , Brian K. Johnson

The integration of inverter-interfaced generators introduces new instability phenomena into modern power systems. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of two widely used droop-based grid-forming controls, namely droop control and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-28 Meng Chen , Yufei Xi , Lin Cheng , Xiongfei Wang , Ioannis Lestas

The increasing integration of renewable energy, particularly offshore wind, introduces significant uncertainty into hybrid AC-HVDC systems due to forecast errors and power fluctuations. Conventional control strategies typically rely on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-30 Hongjin Du , Rahul Rane , Weijie Xia , Pedro P. Vergara , Aleksandra Lekić

Ad hoc electrical networks are formed by connecting power sources and loads without pre-determining the network topology. These systems are well-suited to addressing the lack of electricity in rural areas because they can be assembled and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-09-26 Julia A. Belk , Wardah Inam , David J. Perreault , Konstantin Turitsyn

The problem of primary control of high-voltage direct current transmission systems is addressed in this paper, which contains four main contributions. First, to propose a new nonlinear, more realistic, model for the system suitable for…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Daniele Zonetti , Romeo Ortega , Johannes Schiffer

Distributionally Robust Optimal Control (DROC) is a framework that enables robust control in a stochastic setting where the true disturbance distribution is unknown. Traditional DROC approaches require given ambiguity sets and KL divergence…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Rui Liu , Guangyao Shi , Pratap Tokekar

This paper proposes a novel wide-area control strategy for modulating the active power injections to damp the critical frequency oscillations in power systems, this includes the inter-area oscillations and the transient frequency swing. The…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-26 Ruichao Xie , Innocent Kamwa , C. Y. Chung

This work presents (i) a framework for certifying small-signal frequency stability of a power system with line dynamics and heterogeneous bus dynamics, (ii) a novel reduced-order model of damper windings in synchronous machines, and (iii) a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Dahlia Saba , Dominic Groß

Distributed cooperative droop control consisting of the primary decentralized droop control and the {secondary} distributed correction control is studied in this paper, which aims to achieve an exact current sharing between generators,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-05-17 Ji Xiang , Yu Wang , Yanjun Li , Wei Wei