Related papers: Correcting Subverted Random Oracles
We study the (quantum) security of pseudorandom generators (PRGs) constructed from random oracles. We prove a "lifting theorem" showing, roughly, that if such a PRG is unconditionally secure against classical adversaries making polynomially…
We propose a new defense mechanism against adversarial attacks inspired by an optical co-processor, providing robustness without compromising natural accuracy in both white-box and black-box settings. This hardware co-processor performs a…
This paper is an attempt to build a new public-key cryptosystem; similar to the McEliece cryptosystem, using permutation error-correcting codes. We study a public-key cryptosystem built using two permutation error-correcting codes. We show…
The interplay between quantum physics and machine learning gives rise to the emergent frontier of quantum machine learning, where advanced quantum learning models may outperform their classical counterparts in solving certain challenging…
We consider the problem of minimizing a composite convex function with two different access methods: an oracle, for which we can evaluate the value and gradient, and a structured function, which we access only by solving a convex…
In order to assess potential advantages of quantum algorithms that require quantum oracles as subroutines, the careful evaluation of the overall complexity of the oracles themselves is crucial. This study examines the quantum routines…
Recently, Aaronson et al. (arXiv:2009.07450) showed that detecting interference between two orthogonal states is as hard as swapping these states. While their original motivation was from quantum gravity, we show its applications in quantum…
Errors in quantum computers are of two kinds: sudden perturbations to isolated qubits, and slow random drifts of all the qubits. The latter may be reduced, but not eliminated, by means of symmetrization, namely by using many replicas of the…
Substitution boxes with thorough cryptographic strengths are essential for the development of strong encryption systems. They are the only portions capable of inducing nonlinearity in symmetric encryption systems. Bijective substitution…
Ultrafast physical random bit generation at hundreds of Gb/s rates, with verified randomness, is a crucial ingredient in secure communication and have recently emerged using optics based physical systems. Here we examine the inverse problem…
Zeroth-order optimization, which does not use derivative information, is one of the significant research areas in the field of mathematical optimization and machine learning. Although various studies have explored zeroth-order algorithms,…
In this work, we consider error detection via simulation for reversible circuit architectures. We rigorously prove that reversibility augments the performance of this simple error detection protocol to a considerable degree. A single…
This paper, broadly speaking, covers the use of randomness in two main areas: low-rank approximation and kernel methods. Low-rank approximation is very important in numerical linear algebra. Many applications depend on matrix decomposition…
In recent years, a growing number of cryptosystems based on chaos have been proposed, many of them fundamentally flawed by a lack of robustness and security. This paper describes the security weaknesses of a recently proposed cryptographic…
A block cipher is intended to be computationally indistinguishable from a random permutation of appropriate domain and range. But what are the properties of a random permutation? By the aid of exponential and ordinary generating functions,…
When are two algorithms the same? How can we be sure a recently proposed algorithm is novel, and not a minor twist on an existing method? In this paper, we present a framework for reasoning about equivalence between a broad class of…
We investigate a class of chance-constrained combinatorial optimization problems. Given a pre-specified risk level $\epsilon \in [0,1]$, the chance-constrained program aims to find the minimum cost selection of a vector of binary decisions…
We consider the problem of a graph subjected to adversarial perturbations, such as those arising from cyber-attacks, where edges are covertly added or removed. The adversarial perturbations occur during the transmission of the graph between…
Threats from the internet, particularly malicious software (i.e., malware) often use cryptographic algorithms to disguise their actions and even to take control of a victim's system (as in the case of ransomware). Malware and other threats…
In this study, we propose a new methodology to control how user's data is recognized and used by AI via exploiting the properties of adversarial examples. For this purpose, we propose reversible adversarial example (RAE), a new type of…