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Generating molecules with desired biological activities has attracted growing attention in drug discovery. Previous molecular generation models are designed as chemocentric methods that hardly consider the drug-target interaction, limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Cheng Tan , Zhangyang Gao , Stan Z. Li

Optimization problems often require domain-specific expertise to design problem-dependent methodologies. Recently, several approaches have gained attention by integrating large language models (LLMs) into genetic algorithms. Building on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yamato Shinohara , Jinglue Xu , Tianshui Li , Hitoshi Iba

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) aims to efficiently discover high-affinity ligands within vast chemical spaces. However, current generative models struggle with objective misalignment and rigid sampling budgets. We present MolFORM, a…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Daiheng Zhang , Zhao Zhang

Traditional drug design faces significant challenges due to inherent chemical and biological complexities, often resulting in high failure rates in clinical trials. Deep learning advancements, particularly generative models, offer potential…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-27 Mahsa Sheikholeslami , Navid Mazrouei , Yousof Gheisari , Afshin Fasihi , Matin Irajpour , Ali Motahharynia

Molecular optimization in drug discovery aims to discover molecules with improved target properties, but practical lead optimization often requires more than high predicted scores. A useful candidate should also be actionable: it should be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Qiao , Bo Pan , Hao-Wei Pang , Peter Zhiping Zhang , Liying Zhang , Liang Zhao

Drug discovery is vitally important for protecting human against disease. Target-based screening is one of the most popular methods to develop new drugs in the past several decades. This method efficiently screens candidate drugs inhibiting…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-22 Fan Hu , Dongqi Wang , Huazhen Huang , Yishen Hu , Peng Yin

Precision cancer medicine aims to determine the optimal treatment for each patient. In-vitro cancer drug sensitivity screens combined with multi-omics characterization of the cancer cells have become an important tool to achieve this aim.…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-14 Zhi Zhao , Marco Banterle , Alex Lewin , Manuela Zucknick

Since its foundations, more than one hundred years ago, the field of structural biology has strived to understand and analyze the properties of molecules and their interactions by studying the structure that they take in 3D space. However,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-27 Gabriele Corso

Designing new chemical compounds with desired pharmaceutical properties is a challenging task and takes years of development and testing. Still, a majority of new drugs fail to prove efficient. Recent success of deep generative modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Karina Zadorozhny , Lada Nuzhna

Molecular optimization, which aims to discover improved molecules from a vast chemical search space, is a critical step in chemical development. Various artificial intelligence technologies have demonstrated high effectiveness and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Xin Xia , Yajie Zhang , Xiangxiang Zeng , Xingyi Zhang , Chunhou Zheng , Yansen Su

Organic semiconductors are promising materials for cheap, scalable and sustainable electronics, light-emitting diodes and photovoltaics. For organic photovoltaic cells, it is a challenge to find compounds with suitable properties in the…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-03-06 Christopher Gaul , Santiago Cuesta-Lopez

Efficiently solving multi-objective optimization problems for simulation optimization of important scientific and engineering applications such as materials design is becoming an increasingly important research topic. This is due largely to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Eric Hans Lee , Bolong Cheng , Michael McCourt

Despite recent progress in constructing generalizable parallel algorithm portfolios (PAPs), no general-purpose approach is yet available for multi-objective binary optimization problems (MOBOPs). To fill this gap, this paper proposes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zhiyuan Wang , Shengcai Liu , Shaofeng Zhang , Ke Tang

Molecule optimization is a fundamental task for accelerating drug discovery, with the goal of generating new valid molecules that maximize multiple drug properties while maintaining similarity to the input molecule. Existing generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Tianfan Fu , Cao Xiao , Xinhao Li , Lucas M. Glass , Jimeng Sun

In recent years, in-silico molecular design has received much attention from the machine learning community. When designing a new compound for pharmaceutical applications, there are usually multiple properties of such molecules that need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Julien Roy , Pierre-Luc Bacon , Christopher Pal , Emmanuel Bengio

Understanding structure-property relationships in materials is fundamental in condensed matter physics and materials science. Over the past few years, machine learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful tool for advancing this understanding and…

Hit identification is a critical yet resource-intensive step in the drug discovery pipeline, traditionally relying on high-throughput screening of large compound libraries. Despite advancements in virtual screening, these methods remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Nagham Osman , Vittorio Lembo , Giovanni Bottegoni , Laura Toni

The goal of structure-based drug discovery is to find small molecules that bind to a given target protein. Deep learning has been used to generate drug-like molecules with certain cheminformatic properties, but has not yet been applied to…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-27 Matthew Ragoza , Tomohide Masuda , David Ryan Koes

A fundamental objective of materials modeling is identifying atomic structures that align with experimental observables. Conventional approaches for disordered materials involve sampling from thermodynamic ensembles and hoping for an…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-30 Tigany Zarrouk , Miguel A. Caro

Template-based molecular generation offers a promising avenue for drug design by ensuring generated compounds are synthetically accessible through predefined reaction templates and building blocks. In this work, we tackle three core…