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Adapting a Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent to an unseen environment is a difficult task due to typical over-fitting on the training environment. RL agents are often capable of solving environments very close to the trained environment,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Olivier Moulin , Vincent Francois-Lavet , Paul Elbers , Mark Hoogendoorn

We propose Context-aware Video-text Alignment (CVA), a novel framework to address a significant challenge in video temporal grounding: achieving temporally sensitive video-text alignment that remains robust to irrelevant background context.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Sungho Moon , Seunghun Lee , Jiwan Seo , Sunghoon Im

The advances in AI-enabled techniques have accelerated the creation and automation of visualizations in the past decade. However, presenting visualizations in a descriptive and generative format remains a challenge. Moreover, current…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Qing Chen , Ying Chen , Ruishi Zou , Wei Shuai , Yi Guo , Jiazhe Wang , Nan Cao

Although the use of technologies like multimedia and virtual reality (VR) in training offer the promise of improved learning, these richer and potentially more engaging materials do not consistently produce superior learning outcomes.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Benjamin A. Clegg , Alex Karduna , Ethan Holen , Jason Garcia , Matthew G. Rhodes , Francisco R. Ortega

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models trained via imitation learning suffer from significant performance degradation in data-scarce scenarios due to their reliance on large-scale demonstration datasets. Although reinforcement learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Junjin Xiao , Yandan Yang , Xinyuan Chang , Ronghan Chen , Feng Xiong , Mu Xu , Wei-Shi Zheng , Qing Zhang

Virtual reality (VR) environments are frequently used in auditory and cognitive research to imitate real-life scenarios, presumably enhancing state-of-the-art approaches with traditional computer screens. However, the effects of different…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-29 Cosima A. Ermert , Manuj Yadav , Jonathan Ehret , Chinthusa Mohanathasan , Andrea Bönsch , Torsten W. Kuhlen , Sabine J. Schlittmeier , Janina Fels

Prompt learning approaches have made waves in natural language processing by inducing better few-shot performance while they still follow a parametric-based learning paradigm; the oblivion and rote memorization problems in learning may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Xiang Chen , Lei Li , Ningyu Zhang , Xiaozhuan Liang , Shumin Deng , Chuanqi Tan , Fei Huang , Luo Si , Huajun Chen

Exploration is essential for general-purpose robotic learning, especially in open-ended environments where dense rewards, explicit goals, or task-specific supervision are scarce. Vision-language models (VLMs), with their semantic reasoning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Seungjae Lee , Daniel Ekpo , Haowen Liu , Furong Huang , Abhinav Shrivastava , Jia-Bin Huang

This paper revisits visual representation in knowledge-based visual question answering (VQA) and demonstrates that using regional information in a better way can significantly improve the performance. While visual representation is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yuanze Lin , Yujia Xie , Dongdong Chen , Yichong Xu , Chenguang Zhu , Lu Yuan

Visual grounding (VG) aims to locate a specific target in an image based on a given language query. The discriminative information from context is important for distinguishing the target from other objects, particularly for the targets that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Wei Tang , Liang Li , Xuejing Liu , Lu Jin , Jinhui Tang , Zechao Li

Through its affordances, immersive virtual reality (VR) offers a means to apply embodied and external cognition from the physical realm to solving analytical problems that are typically only conceptual. We present an example of executing a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Dennis G. Brown , Julian Bauer , Luke Wittbrodt , Samuel Mulder

Video Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) aims to localize a target object in videos based on the queried natural language. Recent improvements in video REC have been made using Transformer-based methods with learnable queries.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Ji Jiang , Meng Cao , Tengtao Song , Long Chen , Yi Wang , Yuexian Zou

All-Weather Image Restoration (AWIR) under adverse weather conditions is a challenging task due to the presence of different types of degradations. Prior research in this domain relies on extensive training data but lacks the utilization of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Sudarshan Rajagopalan , Vishal M. Patel

We present an approach to evaluate the efficacy of annotations in augmenting learning environments in the context of Virtual Reality. Our study extends previous work highlighting the benefits of learning based in virtual reality and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Maximilian Enderling , Jan Hombeck , Kai Lawonn

Invariant learning is a promising approach to improve domain generalization compared to Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM). However, most invariant learning methods rely on the assumption that training examples are pre-partitioned into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Phuong Quynh Le , Christin Seifert , Jörg Schlötterer

Performing data augmentation for learning deep neural networks is well known to be important for training visual recognition systems. By artificially increasing the number of training examples, it helps reducing overfitting and improves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Nikita Dvornik , Julien Mairal , Cordelia Schmid

As robotics continues to advance, the need for adaptive and continuously-learning embodied agents increases, particularly in the realm of assistance robotics. Quick adaptability and long-term information retention are essential to operate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Paolo Cudrano , Xiaoyu Luo , Matteo Matteucci

Training Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) agents via Reinforcement Learning (RL) faces critical challenges: environment-based RL requires costly interactions, while environment-free methods struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Jiani Zheng , Lu Wang , Fangkai Yang , Chaoyun Zhang , Lingrui Mei , Wenjie Yin , Qingwei Lin , Dongmei Zhang , Saravan Rajmohan , Qi Zhang

Imitation from videos often fails when expert demonstrations and learner environments exhibit domain shifts, such as discrepancies in lighting, color, or texture. While visual randomization partially addresses this problem by augmenting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Andrea Ramazzina , Vittorio Giammarino , Matteo El-Hariry , Mario Bijelic

Vision-language navigation (VLN) is a critical domain within embedded intelligence, requiring agents to navigate 3D environments based on natural language instructions. Traditional VLN research has focused on improving environmental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhiyuan Li , Yanfeng Lv , Ziqin Tu , Di Shang , Hong Qiao