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Computed tomography (CT) serves as an effective tool for lung cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, providing a rich source of features to quantify temporal and spatial tumor changes. Nonetheless, the diversity of CT…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Md Selim , Jie Zhang , Faraneh Fathi , Michael A. Brooks , Ge Wang , Guoqiang Yu , Jin Chen

Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is a sensitive optical imaging technology widely used in biomedical research. However, the ill-posedness of the inverse problem poses a huge challenge to FMT reconstruction. Although end-to-end deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Peng Zhang , Qianqian Xue , Xingyu Liu , Guanglei Zhang , Wenjian Wang , Jiye Liang

In recent years, Diffusion Models have become the new state-of-the-art in deep generative modeling, ending the long-time dominance of Generative Adversarial Networks. Inspired by the Regularization by Denoising principle, we introduce an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-31 Pasquale Cascarano , Lorenzo Stacchio , Andrea Sebastiani , Alessandro Benfenati , Ulugbek S. Kamilov , Gustavo Marfia

In this work, we propose Dimple, the first Discrete Diffusion Multimodal Large Language Model (DMLLM). We observe that training with a purely discrete diffusion approach leads to significant training instability, suboptimal performance, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Runpeng Yu , Xinyin Ma , Xinchao Wang

Fashion content generation is an emerging area at the intersection of artificial intelligence and creative design, with applications ranging from virtual try-on to culturally diverse design prototyping. Existing methods often struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Spencer Ramsey , Amina Grant , Jeffrey Lee

Anomaly detection (AD) aims to identify defective images and localize their defects (if any). Ideally, AD models should be able to detect defects over many image classes; without relying on hard-coded class names that can be uninformative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Chih-Hui Ho , Kuan-Chuan Peng , Nuno Vasconcelos

Synthetic tabular data generation has attracted growing attention due to its importance for data augmentation, foundation models, and privacy. However, real-world tabular datasets increasingly contain free-form text fields (e.g., reviews or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Donghong Cai , Jiarui Feng , Yanbo Wang , Da Zheng , Yixin Chen , Muhan Zhang

Real world data often have a long-tailed and open-ended distribution. A practical recognition system must classify among majority and minority classes, generalize from a few known instances, and acknowledge novelty upon a never seen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Ziwei Liu , Zhongqi Miao , Xiaohang Zhan , Jiayun Wang , Boqing Gong , Stella X. Yu

Diffusion models have shown promise in text generation, but often struggle with generating long, coherent, and contextually accurate text. Token-level diffusion doesn't model word-order dependencies explicitly and operates on short, fixed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xiaochen Zhu , Georgi Karadzhov , Chenxi Whitehouse , Andreas Vlachos

This paper introduces a two-stage framework designed to enhance long-tail class incremental learning, enabling the model to progressively learn new classes, while mitigating catastrophic forgetting in the context of long-tailed data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Jayateja Kalla , Soma Biswas

In real-world data, long-tailed data distribution is common, making it challenging for models trained on empirical risk minimisation to learn and classify tail classes effectively. While many studies have sought to improve long tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Ziheng Wang , Toni Lassila , Sharib Ali

Advances in endoscopy use in surgeries face challenges like inadequate lighting. Deep learning, notably the Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM), holds promise for low-light image enhancement in the medical field. However, DDPMs…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-20 Tong Chen , Qingcheng Lyu , Long Bai , Erjian Guo , Huxin Gao , Xiaoxiao Yang , Hongliang Ren , Luping Zhou

In-context segmentation has drawn increasing attention with the advent of vision foundation models. Its goal is to segment objects using given reference images. Most existing approaches adopt metric learning or masked image modeling to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chaoyang Wang , Xiangtai Li , Henghui Ding , Lu Qi , Jiangning Zhang , Yunhai Tong , Chen Change Loy , Shuicheng Yan

Modern surveillance systems increasingly rely on multi-wavelength sensors and deep neural networks to recognize faces in infrared images captured at night. However, most facial recognition models are trained on visible light datasets,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Mingshu Cai , Osamu Yoshie , Yuya Ieiri

Neural networks trained on real-world datasets with long-tailed label distributions are biased towards frequent classes and perform poorly on infrequent classes. The imbalance in the ratio of positive and negative samples for each class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Kevin Duarte , Yogesh S. Rawat , Mubarak Shah

To address the trade-off problem of quality-diversity for the generated images in imbalanced classification tasks, we research on over-sampling based methods at the feature level instead of the data level and focus on searching the latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Yudi Zhao , Kuangrong Hao , Chaochen Gu , Bing Wei

Dataset distillation creates a small distilled set that enables efficient training by capturing key information from the full dataset. While existing dataset distillation methods perform well on balanced datasets, they struggle under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xiao Cui , Yulei Qin , Xinyue Li , Wengang Zhou , Hongsheng Li , Houqiang Li

In recent years, diffusion models have become one of the main methods for generating images. However, detecting images generated by these models remains a challenging task. This paper proposes a novel method for detecting images generated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Dmitry Vesnin , Dmitry Levshun , Andrey Chechulin

In this paper, we propose a novel framework for solving high-definition video inverse problems using latent image diffusion models. Building on recent advancements in spatio-temporal optimization for video inverse problems using image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Taesung Kwon , Jong Chul Ye

We present Latent Diffeomorphic Dynamic Mode Decomposition (LDDMD), a new data reduction approach for the analysis of non-linear systems that combines the interpretability of Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) with the predictive power of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Willem Diepeveen , Jon Schwenk , Andrea Bertozzi