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Traditionally, semantic models of imperative languages use an auxiliary structure which mimics memory. In this way, ownership and other encapsulation properties need to be reconstructed from the graph structure of such global memory. We…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Paola Giannini , Marco Servetto , Elena Zucca

Open-ended evolution (OEE) is relevant to a variety of biological, artificial and technological systems, but has been challenging to reproduce in silico. Most theoretical efforts focus on key aspects of open-ended evolution as it appears in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-12-20 Alyssa M Adams , Hector Zenil , Paul CW Davies , Sara I Walker

Living organisms interact with their surroundings in a closed-loop fashion, where sensory inputs dictate the initiation and termination of behaviours. Even simple animals are able to develop and execute complex plans, which has not yet been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Giulia Lafratta , Bernd Porr , Christopher Chandler , Alice Miller

Encoding models are used for predicting brain activity in response to sensory stimuli with the objective of elucidating how sensory information is represented in the brain. Encoding models typically comprise a nonlinear transformation of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-03-13 Umut Güçlü , Marcel A. J. van Gerven

An explanatory model for the emergence of evolvable units must display emerging structures that (1) preserve themselves in time (2) self-reproduce and (3) tolerate a certain amount of variation when reproducing. To tackle this challenge,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2020-06-22 Germán Kruszewski , Tomas Mikolov

A general relation between entropy and an evolutionary superoperator is derived based on the theory of the real-time formulation. The formulation establishing the relation relies only on the framework of quantum statistical mechanics and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-08-21 Hiroki Majima , Akira Suzuki

The pervasive presence spatial and size structure in biological populations challenges fundamental assumptions at the heart of continuum models of population dynamics based on mean densities (local or global) only. Individual-based models…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-02-29 Michael Raghib , Nicholas A. Hill , Ulf Dieckmann

A common assumption in evolutionary thought is that adaptation drives an increase in biological complexity. However, the rules governing evolution of complexity appear more nuanced. Evolution is deeply connected to learning, where…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-06 Hagai Rappeport , Mor Nitzan

The operational semantics of interactive systems is usually described by labeled transition systems. Abstract semantics (that is defined in terms of bisimilarity) is characterized by the final morphism in some category of coalgebras. Since…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Filippo Bonchi , Ugo Montanari

Most generative document models act on bag-of-words input in an attempt to focus on the semantic content and thereby partially forego syntactic information. We argue that it is preferable to keep the original word order intact and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-06 Erik Holmer , Andreas Marfurt

We report a detailed autoethnographic case study of a single-subject who deliberately constructed and operated a multi-modal prompt-engineering system (System A) designed to externalize cognitive self-regulation onto a large language model…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Z. Cheng , N. Song

The senses of words evolve. The sense of the same word may change from today to tomorrow, and multiple senses of the same word may be the result of the evolution of each other, that is, they may be parents and children. If we view Juba as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Yukio Ohsawa , Dingming Xue , Kaira Sekiguchi

Self-modulating mechanisms introduce dynamic adaptation capabilities within language models through contextual realignment strategies that influence token embedding trajectories across extended sequences. Contextual Flux is explored as an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Henry Evidail , Zachary Mountebank , Alistair Hathersage , Peter Stanhope , Basil Ravenscroft , Tobias Waddingham

In social systems, meaning can be communicated in addition to underlying processes of the information exchange. Meaning processing incurs on information processing with hindsight, while information processing recursively follows the time…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-12-08 Loet Leydesdorff , Daniel M. Dubois

The dominant artificial intelligence paradigm trains neural architectures via gradient descent against proxy objectives and reinforcement learning from human feedback. While remarkably capable, this top-down optimization inherently…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ata G. Zare

While modern physics and biology satisfactorily explain the passage from the Big Bang to the formation of Earth and the first cells to present-day life, respectively, the origins of biochemical life still remain an open question. Since…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-25 Praful Gagrani , David Baum

The evolution of biological brains has always been contingent on their embodiment within their respective environments, in which survival required appropriate navigation and manipulation skills. Studying such interactions thus represents an…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-01 K. Schreiber , T. C. Wunderlich , C. Pehle , M. A. Petrovici , J. Schemmel , K. Meier

Recent computational experiments have demonstrated the spontaneous emergence of self-replicating programs across universal automata, artificial chemistries, and self-modifying code systems. Remarkably, these results arise without explicit…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Aritra Sarkar

Probabilistic inference provides a language for describing how organisms may learn from and adapt to their environment. The computations needed to implement probabilistic inference often require specific representations, akin to having the…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2018-06-28 Yarden Katz , Michael Springer , Walter Fontana

Semantic processing is a fundamental research domain in computational linguistics. In the era of powerful pre-trained language models and large language models, the advancement of research in this domain appears to be decelerating. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Rui Mao , Kai He , Xulang Zhang , Guanyi Chen , Jinjie Ni , Zonglin Yang , Erik Cambria