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Let $K$ be a field, and let $f\in K(z)$ be rational function. The preimages of a point $x_0\in P^1(K)$ under iterates of $f$ have a natural tree structure. As a result, the Galois group of the resulting field extension of $K$ naturally…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Robert L. Benedetto , Anna Dietrich

We provide an explicit construction of the arboreal Galois group for the postcritically finite polynomial $f(z) = z^2 +c$, where $c$ belongs to some arbitrary field of characteristic not equal to $2$. In this first of two papers, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-14 Robert L. Benedetto , Dragos Ghioca , Jamie Juul , Thomas J. Tucker

Given a number field $k$, and a quadratic rational function $f(x) \in k(x)$, the associated arboreal representation of the absolute Galois group of $k$ is a subgroup of the automorphism group of a regular rooted binary tree. Boston and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-21 Özlem Ejder

Let $K$ be a number field or a function field. Let $f\in K(x)$ be a rational function of degree $d\geq 2$, and let $\beta\in\mathbb{P}^1(K)$. For all $n\in\mathbb{N}\cup\{\infty\}$, the Galois groups…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-24 Andrew Bridy , Thomas J. Tucker

Consider a number field $K$ and a rational function $f$ of degree greater than 1 over $K$. By taking preimages of $\alpha\in K$ under successive iterates of $f$, an infinite $d$-ary tree $T_\infty$ rooted at $\alpha$ can be constructed. An…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Wayne Peng

We study the arithmetic and geometric iterated monodromy groups associated to the postcritically finite (PCF) quadratic rational function $f(x)=\frac{2}{(x-1)^2}$ defined over a number field $k$, whose critical points are both strictly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-22 Özlem Ejder , Zofia Gołaska , Yasemin Kara , Leonie Nienhaus , Özge Ülkem

In this article, we study the properties of profinite geometric iterated monodromy groups associated to polynomials. Such groups can be seen as generic representations of absolute Galois groups of number fields into the automorphism group…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Mikhail Hlushchanka , Olga Lukina , Dean Wardell

Given a field $K$, a polynomial $f \in K[x]$, and a suitable element $t \in K$, the set of preimages of $t$ under the iterates $f^{\circ n}$ carries a natural structure of a $d$-ary tree. We study conditions under which the absolute Galois…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-05 Borys Kadets

In this paper, we prove several results on finitely generated dynamical Galois groups attached to quadratic polynomials. First we show that, over global fields, quadratic post-critically finite polynomials are precisely those having an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-26 Andrea Ferraguti , Carlo Pagano

We give a complete description of the arboreal Galois representation of a certain postcritically finite cubic polynomial over a large class of number fields and for a large class of basepoints. This is the first such example that is not…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-22 Robert L. Benedetto , Xander Faber , Benjamin Hutz , Jamie Juul , Yu Yasufuku

In a previous paper, we provided an explicit description of the arboreal Galois group of the postcritically finite polynomial $f(z) = z^2 +c$ in the special case when the critical point $0$ is periodic under the action of $f(z)$. In the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Robert L. Benedetto , Dragos Ghioca , Jamie Juul , Thomas J. Tucker

This paper introduces a systematic approach towards the inverse problem for arboreal Galois representations of finite index attached to quadratic polynomials. Let $F$ be a field of characteristic $\neq 2$, $f\in F[x]$ be monic and quadratic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-05 Andrea Ferraguti , Carlo Pagano , Daniele Casazza

We give an explicit description of the arithmetic-geometric extension of iterated Galois groups of rational functions. This yields a complete solution to the extension problem when either the arithmetic or the geometric iterated Galois…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Jorge Fariña-Asategui

The arboreal Galois group of a polynomial $f$ over a field $K$ encodes the action of Galois on the iterated preimages of a root point $x_0\in K$, analogous to the action of Galois on the $\ell$-power torsion of an abelian variety. We…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Faseeh Ahmad , Robert L. Benedetto , Jennifer Cain , Gregory Carroll , Lily Fang

We prove that the arboreal Galois representation attached to a large class of quadratic polynomials defined over a field of rational functions in characteristic zero has finite index in the full automorphism group of the associated preimage…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-28 Wade Hindes

Given a global field K and a rational function phi defined over K, one may take pre-images of 0 under successive iterates of phi, and thus obtain an infinite rooted tree T by assigning edges according to the action of phi. The absolute…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Rafe Jones

We prove that the arboreal Galois representations attached to certain unicritical polynomials have finite index in an infinite wreath product of cyclic groups, and we prove surjectivity for some small degree examples, including a new family…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-12 Michael R. Bush , Wade Hindes , Nicole R. Looper

Let~$E$ be a Hilbertian field of characteristic~$0$. R.W.K. Odoni conjectured that for every positive integer~$n$ there exists a polynomial~$f\in E[X]$ of degree~$n$ such that each iterate~$f^{\circ{k}}$ of~$f$ is irreducible and the Galois…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-13 Joel Specter

Let $K$ be a function field of characteristic $p\geq0$ or a number field over which the $abc$ conjecture holds, and let $\phi(x)=x^d+c \in K[x]$ be a unicritical polynomial of degree $d\geq2$ with $d \not\equiv 0,1\pmod{p}$. We completely…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-07 John R. Doyle , Wade Hindes

Let $f(x) \in K(x)$ be a quadratic polynomial where $K$ is a field of characteristic not equal to $2$. The associated arboreal Galois representation of the absolute Galois group of $K$ acts on a regular rooted binary tree. Boston and Jones…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Özlem Ejder , Dilber Kocak
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