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We investigate the use of normalizing flow (NF) models as flexible priors in Bayesian inference via Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling for iterative Bayesian calibration. Trained on posteriors from previous analyses, these models can…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-04-02 Hendrik Roch , Chun Shen

A Normalizing Flow computes a bijective mapping from an arbitrary distribution to a predefined (e.g. normal) distribution. Such a flow can be used to address different tasks, e.g. anomaly detection, once such a mapping has been learned. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-23 Bodo Rosenhahn , Christoph Hirche

To model manifold data using normalizing flows, we employ isometric autoencoders to design embeddings with explicit inverses that do not distort the probability distribution. Using isometries separates manifold learning and density…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Eike Cramer , Felix Rauh , Alexander Mitsos , Raúl Tempone , Manuel Dahmen

In this paper, we explore the potential of generative machine learning models as an alternative to the computationally expensive Monte Carlo (MC) simulations commonly used by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments. Our objective is to…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-11-21 Allison Xu , Shuo Han , Xiangyang Ju , Haichen Wang

Based on the manifold hypothesis, real-world data often lie on a low-dimensional manifold, while normalizing flows as a likelihood-based generative model are incapable of finding this manifold due to their structural constraints. So, one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Seyedeh Fatemeh Razavi , Mohammad Mahdi Mehmanchi , Reshad Hosseini , Mostafa Tavassolipour

Machine Learning (ML) models in Robotic Assembly Sequence Planning (RASP) need to be introspective on the predicted solutions, i.e. whether they are feasible or not, to circumvent potential efficiency degradation. Previous works need both…

Conformal Prediction offers a powerful framework for quantifying uncertainty in machine learning models, enabling the construction of prediction sets with finite-sample validity guarantees. While easily adaptable to non-probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-27 Eshant English , Christoph Lippert

To facilitate reliable deployments of autonomous robots in the real world, Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection capabilities are often required. A powerful approach for OOD detection is based on density estimation with Normalizing Flows…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jianxiang Feng , Jongseok Lee , Simon Geisler , Stephan Gunnemann , Rudolph Triebel

In the past few years, deep generative models, such as generative adversarial networks \autocite{GAN}, variational autoencoders \autocite{vaepaper}, and their variants, have seen wide adoption for the task of modelling complex data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-02 Guilherme G. P. Freitas Pires , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

Causal inconsistency arises when the underlying causal graphs captured by generative models like \textit{Normalizing Flows} (NFs) are inconsistent with those specified in causal models like \textit{Struct Causal Models} (SCMs). This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Qingyang Zhou , Kangjie Lu , Meng Xu

Normalizing flows define a probability distribution by an explicit invertible transformation $\boldsymbol{\mathbf{z}}=f(\boldsymbol{\mathbf{x}})$. In this work, we present implicit normalizing flows (ImpFlows), which generalize normalizing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-18 Cheng Lu , Jianfei Chen , Chongxuan Li , Qiuhao Wang , Jun Zhu

Coupling-based normalizing flows (e.g. RealNVP) are a popular family of normalizing flow architectures that work surprisingly well in practice. This calls for theoretical understanding. Existing work shows that such flows weakly converge to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Felix Draxler , Christoph Schnörr , Ullrich Köthe

Human Pose Estimation (HPE) is increasingly important for applications like virtual reality and motion analysis, yet current methods struggle with balancing accuracy, computational efficiency, and reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Shipeng Liu , Ziliang Xiong , Bastian Wandt , Per-Erik Forssén

Flow-based deep generative models learn data distributions by transforming a simple base distribution into a complex distribution via a set of invertible transformations. Due to the invertibility, such models can score unseen data samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Maximilian Schmidt , Marko Simic

We present a framework for learning probability distributions on topologically non-trivial manifolds, utilizing normalizing flows. Current methods focus on manifolds that are homeomorphic to Euclidean space, enforce strong structural priors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Dimitris Kalatzis , Johan Ziruo Ye , Alison Pouplin , Jesper Wohlert , Søren Hauberg

Continuous diffusion and flow matching models could represent a powerful alternative to autoregressive approaches for language modelling (LM), as they unlock a host of advantages currently reserved for continuous modalities, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Oscar Davis , Anastasiia Filippova , Pierre Ablin , Victor Turrisi , Amitis Shidani , Marco Cuturi , Louis Béthune

This notebook tutorial demonstrates a method for sampling Boltzmann distributions of lattice field theories using a class of machine learning models known as normalizing flows. The ideas and approaches proposed in arXiv:1904.12072,…

Recently normalizing flows (NFs) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on modeling 3D point clouds while allowing sampling with arbitrary resolution at inference time. However, these flow-based models still require long training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Janis Postels , Mengya Liu , Riccardo Spezialetti , Luc Van Gool , Federico Tombari

Normalizing flows model probability distributions by learning invertible transformations that transfer a simple distribution into complex distributions. Since the architecture of ResNet-based normalizing flows is more flexible than that of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Byeongkeun Ahn , Chiyoon Kim , Youngjoon Hong , Hyunwoo J. Kim

To better conform to data geometry, recent deep generative modelling techniques adapt Euclidean constructions to non-Euclidean spaces. In this paper, we study normalizing flows on manifolds. Previous work has developed flow models for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-19 Aaron Lou , Derek Lim , Isay Katsman , Leo Huang , Qingxuan Jiang , Ser-Nam Lim , Christopher De Sa
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