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Language models (LMs) possess a strong capability to comprehend natural language, making them effective in translating human instructions into detailed plans for simple robot tasks. Nevertheless, it remains a significant challenge to handle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Xiaopan Zhang , Hao Qin , Fuquan Wang , Yue Dong , Jiachen Li

Recent advances in robot manipulation increasingly leverage Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for high-level reasoning, such as decomposing task instructions into sequential action plans expressed in natural language that guide downstream…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sehun Jung , HyunJee Song , Dong-Hee Kim , Reuben Tan , Jianfeng Gao , Yong Jae Lee , Donghyun Kim

Large foundation models have shown strong open-world generalization to complex problems in vision and language, but similar levels of generalization have yet to be achieved in robotics. One fundamental challenge is the lack of robotic data,…

We tackle real-world long-horizon robot manipulation tasks through skill discovery. We present a bottom-up approach to learning a library of reusable skills from unsegmented demonstrations and use these skills to synthesize prolonged robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Yifeng Zhu , Peter Stone , Yuke Zhu

Generalist robot learning remains constrained by data: large-scale, diverse, and high-quality interaction data are expensive to collect in the real world. While simulation has become a promising way for scaling up data collection, the…

We present a conceptual framework for training Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to perform Visual Perspective Taking (VPT), a core capability for embodied cognition essential for Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). As a first step toward this goal,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Joel Currie , Gioele Migno , Enrico Piacenti , Maria Elena Giannaccini , Patric Bach , Davide De Tommaso , Agnieszka Wykowska

Inspired by the success of transfer learning in computer vision, roboticists have investigated visual pre-training as a means to improve the learning efficiency and generalization ability of policies learned from pixels. To that end, past…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Kaylee Burns , Zach Witzel , Jubayer Ibn Hamid , Tianhe Yu , Chelsea Finn , Karol Hausman

Robots operating in the real world require both rich manipulation skills as well as the ability to semantically reason about when to apply those skills. Towards this goal, recent works have integrated semantic representations from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Renhao Wang , Jiayuan Mao , Joy Hsu , Hang Zhao , Jiajun Wu , Yang Gao

Improving the reasoning capabilities of embodied agents is crucial for robots to complete complex human instructions in long-view manipulation tasks successfully. Despite the success of large language models and vision language models based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Jinrui Liu , Bingyan Nie , Boyu Li , Yaran Chen , Yuze Wang , Shunsen He , Haoran Li

The objective of this work is to augment the basic abilities of a robot by learning to use new sensorimotor primitives to enable the solution of complex long-horizon problems. Solving long-horizon problems in complex domains requires…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Zi Wang , Caelan Reed Garrett , Leslie Pack Kaelbling , Tomás Lozano-Pérez

The ability to learn manipulation skills by watching videos of humans has the potential to unlock a new source of highly scalable data for robot learning. Here, we tackle prehensile manipulation, in which tasks involve grasping an object…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Albert J. Zhai , Kuo-Hao Zeng , Jiasen Lu , Ali Farhadi , Shenlong Wang , Wei-Chiu Ma

Foundation models pre-trained on web-scale data are shown to encapsulate extensive world knowledge beneficial for robotic manipulation in the form of task planning. However, the actual physical implementation of these plans often relies on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Haoxu Huang , Fanqi Lin , Yingdong Hu , Shengjie Wang , Yang Gao

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have led to improved performance on tasks such as visual question answering and image captioning. Consequently, these models are now well-positioned to reason about the physical world,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jensen Gao , Bidipta Sarkar , Fei Xia , Ted Xiao , Jiajun Wu , Brian Ichter , Anirudha Majumdar , Dorsa Sadigh

Robust robotic manipulation requires reliable failure detection and recovery. Although recent Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show promise in robot failure detection, their generalization is severely limited by the scarcity and narrow…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Paul Pacaud , Ricardo Garcia , Shizhe Chen , Cordelia Schmid

Web agents, which couple language models with browsing and tool-use capabilities, show promise as open web assistants. Yet progress is increasingly limited by the lack of scalable, process-level supervision. Existing benchmarks are largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tenghao Huang , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Prafulla Kumar Choubey , Yilun Zhou , Muhao Chen , Jonathan May , Chien-Sheng Wu

Robotic manipulation in real-world settings remains challenging, especially regarding robust generalization. Existing simulation platforms lack sufficient support for exploring how policies adapt to varied instructions and scenarios. Thus,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Ning Gao , Yilun Chen , Shuai Yang , Xinyi Chen , Yang Tian , Hao Li , Haifeng Huang , Hanqing Wang , Tai Wang , Jiangmiao Pang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate remarkable potential in robotic manipulation, yet challenges persist in executing complex fine manipulation tasks with high speed and precision. While excelling at high-level planning, existing VLM…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Qingxuan Jia , Guoqin Tang , Zeyuan Huang , Zixuan Hao , Ning Ji , Shihang , Yin , Gang Chen

Building generalist robots capable of performing functional grasping in everyday, open-world environments remains a significant challenge due to the vast diversity of objects and tasks. Existing methods are either constrained to narrow…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Chao Tang , Jiacheng Xu , Haofei Lu , Bolin Zou , Wenlong Dong , Hong Zhang , Danica Kragic

Vision-language-action (VLA) models represent a promising direction for developing general-purpose robotic systems, demonstrating the ability to combine visual understanding, language comprehension, and action generation. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Pranav Guruprasad , Harshvardhan Sikka , Jaewoo Song , Yangyue Wang , Paul Pu Liang
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