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From rearranging objects on a table to putting groceries into shelves, robots must plan precise action points to perform tasks accurately and reliably. In spite of the recent adoption of vision language models (VLMs) to control robot…

End-to-end imitation learning frameworks (e.g., VLA) are increasingly prominent in robotics, as they enable rapid task transfer by learning directly from perception to control, eliminating the need for complex hand-crafted features.…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Wenxin Zheng , Boyang Li , Bin Xu , Erhu Feng , Jinyu Gu , Haibo Chen

In this work, we propose a novel robot learning framework called Neural Task Programming (NTP), which bridges the idea of few-shot learning from demonstration and neural program induction. NTP takes as input a task specification (e.g.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Danfei Xu , Suraj Nair , Yuke Zhu , Julian Gao , Animesh Garg , Li Fei-Fei , Silvio Savarese

Despite significant progress in robotic systems for operation within human-centric environments, existing models still heavily rely on explicit human commands to identify and manipulate specific objects. This limits their effectiveness in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Shiyu Jin , Jinxuan Xu , Yutian Lei , Liangjun Zhang

Large-scale endeavors like and widespread community efforts such as Open-X-Embodiment have contributed to growing the scale of robot demonstration data. However, there is still an opportunity to improve the quality, quantity, and diversity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Jiafei Duan , Wentao Yuan , Wilbert Pumacay , Yi Ru Wang , Kiana Ehsani , Dieter Fox , Ranjay Krishna

While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in robotic manipulation, their performance in complex reasoning and long-horizon task planning is limited by data scarcity and model capacity. To address…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yi Yang , Kefan Gu , Yuqing Wen , Hebei Li , Yucheng Zhao , Tiancai Wang , Xudong Liu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models excel in static manipulation but struggle in dynamic environments with moving targets. This performance gap primarily stems from a scarcity of dynamic manipulation datasets and the reliance of mainstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Heng Fang , Shangru Li , Shuhan Wang , Xuanyang Xi , Dingkang Liang , Xiang Bai

Autonomous execution of long-horizon, contact-rich manipulation tasks traditionally requires extensive real-world data and expert engineering, posing significant cost and scalability challenges. This paper proposes a novel framework…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jiayu Zhou , Qiwei Wu , Jian Li , Zhe Chen , Xiaogang Xiong , Renjing Xu

Traditional robotic systems typically decompose intelligence into independent modules for computer vision, natural language processing, and motion control. Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models fundamentally transform this approach by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Heran Wu , Zirun Zhou , Jingfeng Zhang

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) systems have demonstrated strong capabilities in embodied manipulation. However, most existing VLA policies rely on limited observation windows and end-to-end action prediction, which makes them brittle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zhen Liu , Xinyu Ning , Zhe Hu , Xinxin Xie , Weize Li , Zhipeng Tang , Chongyu Wang , Zejun Yang , Hanlin Wang , Yitong Liu , Zhongzhu Pu

Visual Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as pivotal tools for robotic systems, enabling cross-task generalization, dynamic environmental interaction, and long-horizon planning through multimodal perception and semantic reasoning. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Zhiyuan Zhang , Yuxin He , Yong Sun , Junyu Shi , Lijiang Liu , Qiang Nie

What makes generalization hard for imitation learning in visual robotic manipulation? This question is difficult to approach at face value, but the environment from the perspective of a robot can often be decomposed into enumerable factors…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Annie Xie , Lisa Lee , Ted Xiao , Chelsea Finn

We present Points2Plans, a framework for composable planning with a relational dynamics model that enables robots to solve long-horizon manipulation tasks from partial-view point clouds. Given a language instruction and a point cloud of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yixuan Huang , Christopher Agia , Jimmy Wu , Tucker Hermans , Jeannette Bohg

Recent research in language-guided visual navigation has demonstrated a significant demand for the diversity of traversable environments and the quantity of supervision for training generalizable agents. To tackle the common data scarcity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Zun Wang , Jialu Li , Yicong Hong , Yi Wang , Qi Wu , Mohit Bansal , Stephen Gould , Hao Tan , Yu Qiao

Recent advances in generalist robot manipulation leverage pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and large-scale robot demonstrations to tackle diverse tasks in a zero-shot manner. A key challenge remains: scaling high-quality,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Alexander Spiridonov , Jan-Nico Zaech , Nikolay Nikolov , Luc Van Gool , Danda Pani Paudel

Vision-language-action (VLA) models can enable broad open world generalization, but require large and diverse datasets. It is appealing to consider whether some of this data can come from human videos, which cover diverse real-world…

Tool learning is increasingly important for large language models (LLMs) to effectively coordinate and utilize a diverse set of tools in order to solve complex real-world tasks. By selecting and integrating appropriate tools, LLMs extend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zheng Fang , Wolfgang Mayer , Zeyu Zhang , Jian Wang , Hong-Yu Zhang , Wanli Li , Zaiwen Feng

The grand aim of having a single robot that can manipulate arbitrary objects in diverse settings is at odds with the paucity of robotics datasets. Acquiring and growing such datasets is strenuous due to manual efforts, operational costs,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Homanga Bharadhwaj , Jay Vakil , Mohit Sharma , Abhinav Gupta , Shubham Tulsiani , Vikash Kumar

Bridging the gap between natural language commands and autonomous execution in unstructured environments remains an open challenge for robotics. This requires robots to perceive and reason over the current task scene through multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jin Wang , Kim Tien Ly , Jacques Cloete , Nikos Tsagarakis , Ioannis Havoutis

Developing personal robots that can perform a diverse range of manipulation tasks in unstructured environments necessitates solving several challenges for robotic grasping systems. We take a step towards this broader goal by presenting the…