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Recently, ChatGPT, along with DALL-E-2 and Codex,has been gaining significant attention from society. As a result, many individuals have become interested in related resources and are seeking to uncover the background and secrets behind its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yihan Cao , Siyu Li , Yixin Liu , Zhiling Yan , Yutong Dai , Philip S. Yu , Lichao Sun

The rapid proliferation of AI-powered video generation systems has introduced significant challenges in content moderation, particularly with respect to adult and sexually explicit material. Existing detection methods operate on either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Alizishaan Khatri , Chiquita Prabhu

Recent advancements in large-scale generative models have enabled the creation of high-quality images and videos, but have also raised significant safety concerns regarding the generation of unsafe content. To mitigate this, concept erasure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Viet Nguyen , Vishal M. Patel

Text-to-image (T2I) models, such as Stable Diffusion, have exhibited remarkable performance in generating high-quality images from text descriptions in recent years. However, text-to-image models may be tricked into generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Xinfeng Li , Yuchen Yang , Jiangyi Deng , Chen Yan , Yanjiao Chen , Xiaoyu Ji , Wenyuan Xu

Emerging technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), and more specifically Large Language Models (LLMs) have provided malicious actors with powerful tools for manipulating digital discourse. LLMs have the potential to affect…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Kristina Radivojevic , Matthew Chou , Karla Badillo-Urquiola , Paul Brenner

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly trained to align with human values, primarily focusing on task level, i.e., refusing to execute directly harmful tasks. However, a subtle yet crucial content-level ethical question is often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Junjie Chu , Yiting Qu , Ye Leng , Michael Backes , Yun Shen , Savvas Zannettou , Yang Zhang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on simple text classification tasks, frequently under zero-shot settings. However, their efficacy declines when tackling complex social media challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Elyas Meguellati , Assaad Zeghina , Shazia Sadiq , Gianluca Demartini

The malicious use and widespread dissemination of AI-generated images pose a serious threat to the authenticity of digital content. Existing detection methods exploit low-level artifacts left by common manipulation steps within the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Fei Wu , Guanghao Ding , Zijian Niu , Zhenrui Wang , Lei Yang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Shilin Wang

The age of social media is flooded with Internet memes, necessitating a clear grasp and effective identification of harmful ones. This task presents a significant challenge due to the implicit meaning embedded in memes, which is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Hongzhan Lin , Ziyang Luo , Wei Gao , Jing Ma , Bo Wang , Ruichao Yang

Procedural Content Generation (PCG) refers to the practice, in videogames and other games, of generating content such as levels, quests, or characters algorithmically. Motivated by the need to make games replayable, as well as to reduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Sebastian Risi , Julian Togelius

Generative vision-language models like Stable Diffusion demonstrate remarkable capabilities in creative media synthesis, but they also pose substantial risks of producing unsafe, offensive, or culturally inappropriate content when prompted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xin Zhao , Xiaojun Chen , Bingshan Liu , Zeyao Liu , Zhendong Zhao , Xiaoyan Gu

Vision-language foundation models, represented by Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP), have gained increasing attention for jointly understanding both vision and textual tasks. However, existing approaches primarily focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Bowen Shi , Peisen Zhao , Zichen Wang , Yuhang Zhang , Yaoming Wang , Jin Li , Wenrui Dai , Junni Zou , Hongkai Xiong , Qi Tian , Xiaopeng Zhang

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have introduced a paradigm shift for Image Quality Assessment (IQA) from unexplainable image quality scoring to explainable IQA, demonstrating practical applications like quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Wenjie Liao , Jieyu Yuan , Yifang Xu , Chunle Guo , Zilong Zhang , Jihong Li , Jiachen Fu , Haotian Fan , Tao Li , Junhui Cui , Chongyi Li

With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) possessing increasingly impressive capabilities, a number of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have been proposed to augment LLMs with visual inputs. Such models condition generated text on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Phillip Howard , Kathleen C. Fraser , Anahita Bhiwandiwalla , Svetlana Kiritchenko

Rapid deployment of vision-language models (VLMs) magnifies safety risks, yet most evaluations rely on artificial images. This study asks: How safe are current VLMs when confronted with meme images that ordinary users share? To investigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 DongGeon Lee , Joonwon Jang , Jihae Jeong , Hwanjo Yu

Recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models have enabled the creation of a new form of digital art: optical illusions--visual tricks that create different perceptions of reality. However, adversaries may misuse such techniques to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yiting Qu , Ziqing Yang , Yihan Ma , Michael Backes , Savvas Zannettou , Yang Zhang

This paper investigates the effectiveness of TikTok's enforcement mechanisms for limiting the exposure of harmful content to youth accounts. We collect over 7000 videos, classify them as harmful vs not-harmful, and then simulate…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Linda Xue , Francesco Corso , Nicolo' Fontana , Geng Liu , Stefano Ceri , Francesco Pierri

High Dynamic Range (HDR) videos enhance visual experiences with superior brightness, contrast, and color depth. The surge of User-Generated Content (UGC) on platforms like YouTube and TikTok introduces unique challenges for HDR video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shreshth Saini , Alan C. Bovik , Neil Birkbeck , Yilin Wang , Balu Adsumilli

The impressive achievements of generative models in creating high-quality videos have raised concerns about digital integrity and privacy vulnerabilities. Recent works of AI-generated content detection have been widely studied in the image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Qingyuan Liu , Yun-Yun Tsai , Ruijian Zha , Victoria Li , Pengyuan Shi , Chengzhi Mao , Junfeng Yang

With the increasing adoption of large language models (LLMs), ensuring the safety of LLM systems has become a pressing concern. External LLM-based guardrail models have emerged as a popular solution to screen unsafe inputs and outputs, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yining She , Daniel W. Peterson , Marianne Menglin Liu , Vikas Upadhyay , Mohammad Hossein Chaghazardi , Eunsuk Kang , Dan Roth