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Sensitive information detection is crucial in content moderation to maintain safe online communities. Assisting in this traditionally manual process could relieve human moderators from overwhelming and tedious tasks, allowing them to focus…

Leveraging the universal representations of pre-trained LLMs and MLLMs offers a promising path toward brain foundation models. However, visually-evoked EEG datasets remain scarce, leading existing methods to align neural signals mainly with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jun-Yu Pan , Yansen Wang , Enze Zhang , Bao-Liang Lu , Wei-Long Zheng , Dongsheng Li

The prevalence of offensive content on the internet, encompassing hate speech and cyberbullying, is a pervasive issue worldwide. Consequently, it has garnered significant attention from the machine learning (ML) and natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Alphaeus Dmonte , Tejas Arya , Tharindu Ranasinghe , Marcos Zampieri

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and Bard, have revolutionized natural language understanding and generation. They possess deep language comprehension, human-like text generation capabilities, contextual awareness, and robust…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yifan Yao , Jinhao Duan , Kaidi Xu , Yuanfang Cai , Zhibo Sun , Yue Zhang

This research offers a unique evaluation of how AI systems interpret the digital language of Generation Alpha (Gen Alpha, born 2010-2024). As the first cohort raised alongside AI, Gen Alpha faces new forms of online risk due to immersive…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Manisha Mehta , Fausto Giunchiglia

The rapid advancement of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) is increasingly accompanied by unauthorized scraping and training on multimodal web data, posing severe copyright and privacy risks to data owners. Existing countermeasures, such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Chengshuai Zhao , Zhen Tan , Dawei Li , Zhiyuan Yu , Huan Liu

Today's text-to-image generative models are trained on millions of images sourced from the Internet, each paired with a detailed caption produced by Vision-Language Models (VLMs). This part of the training pipeline is critical for supplying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Stanley Wu , Ronik Bhaskar , Anna Yoo Jeong Ha , Shawn Shan , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

This work explores the capacities of character-based Neural Machine Translation to translate noisy User-Generated Content (UGC) with a strong focus on exploring the limits of such approaches to handle productive UGC phenomena, which almost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-26 José Carlos Rosales Núñez , Guillaume Wisniewski , Djamé Seddah

User modeling (UM) aims to discover patterns or learn representations from user data about the characteristics of a specific user, such as profile, preference, and personality. The user models enable personalization and suspiciousness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Zhaoxuan Tan , Meng Jiang

Online sexual predators target children by building trust, creating dependency, and arranging meetings for sexual purposes. This poses a significant challenge for online communication platforms that strive to monitor and remove such content…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Masanori Takano , Mao Nishiguchi , Fujio Toriumi

The pervasiveness of Social Media and user-generated content has triggered an exponential increase in global data volumes. However, due to collection and extraction challenges, data in many feeds, embedded comments, reviews and testimonials…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-09-04 James Meneghello , Nik Thompson , Kevin Lee , Kok Wai Wong , Bilal Abu-Salih

Text-to-Image (T2I) generation is a popular AI-generated content (AIGC) technology enabling diverse and creative image synthesis. However, some outputs may contain Not Safe For Work (NSFW) content (e.g., violence), violating community…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Mingrui Liu , Sixiao Zhang , Cheng Long

Synthetic image generation has opened up new opportunities but has also created threats in regard to privacy, authenticity, and security. Detecting fake images is of paramount importance to prevent illegal activities, and previous research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Md Awsafur Rahman , Bishmoy Paul , Najibul Haque Sarker , Zaber Ibn Abdul Hakim , Shaikh Anowarul Fattah

As the volume of video content online grows exponentially, the demand for moderation of unsafe videos has surpassed human capabilities, posing both operational and mental health challenges. While recent studies demonstrated the merits of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Adi Levi , Or Levi , Sardhendu Mishra , Jonathan Morra

The rapid expansion of mobile internet has resulted in a substantial increase in user-generated content (UGC) images, thereby making the thorough assessment of UGC images both urgent and essential. Recently, multimodal large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Mingxing Li , Rui Wang , Lei Sun , Yancheng Bai , Xiangxiang Chu

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate content spanning ideological rhetoric to explicit instructions for violence. However, existing safety evaluations often rely on simplistic binary labels (safe and unsafe), overlooking the nuanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Vadivel Abishethvarman , Bhavik Chandna , Pratik Jalan , Usman Naseem

Recent advancements in deep learning generative models have raised concerns as they can create highly convincing counterfeit images and videos. This poses a threat to people's integrity and can lead to social instability. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Leandro A. Passos , Danilo Jodas , Kelton A. P. da Costa , Luis A. Souza Júnior , Douglas Rodrigues , Javier Del Ser , David Camacho , João Paulo Papa

Text classification is vital for Web for Good applications like hate speech and misinformation detection. However, traditional models (e.g., BERT) often fail in dynamic few-shot settings where labeled data are scarce, and target labels…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yubo Wang , Haoyang Li , Fei Teng , Lei Chen

Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) is increasingly used by students to support learning tasks, yet its outputs may contain inaccuracies, fabricated references, bias, and unsupported claims. This study examined students'…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yiran Du

With the rapid evolution of AI Generated Content (AIGC), forged images produced through this technology are inherently more deceptive and require less human intervention compared to traditional Computer-generated Graphics (CG). However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Ziyi Xi , Wenmin Huang , Kangkang Wei , Weiqi Luo , Peijia Zheng
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