Related papers: Bayesian electron density determination from spars…
In photon-limited imaging, the pixel intensities are affected by photon count noise. Many applications, such as 3-D reconstruction using correlation analysis in X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) single molecule imaging, require an accurate…
Plastic scintillators are widely used in high-energy and medical physics, often for measuring the energy of ionizing radiation. Their main disadvantage is their non-linear response to highly ionizing radiation, called ionization quenching.…
Electron and x-ray microscopes allow one to image the entire, unlabeled structure of hydrated materials at a resolution well beyond what visible light microscopes can achieve. However, both approaches involve ionizing radiation, so that…
In numerous systems in biophysics and related fields, scientists measure (with very smart methods) individual molecules (e.g. biopolymers (proteins, DNA, RNA, etc), nano - crystals, ion channels), aiming at finding a model from the data.…
Static light scattering is a popular physical chemistry technique that enables calculation of physical attributes such as the radius of gyration and the second virial coefficient for a macromolecule (e.g., a polymer or a protein) in…
We report on the highest precision yet achieved in the measurement of the polarization of a low energy, $\mathcal{O}$(1 GeV), electron beam, accomplished using a new polarimeter based on electron-photon scattering, in Hall~C at Jefferson…
Standard deviation measurements of intensity profiles of stationary single fluorescent molecules are useful for studying axial localization, molecular orientation, and a fluorescence imaging system's spatial resolution. Here we report on…
Elastic electron scattering has been used to paint the most accurate picture of the proton distribution in atomic nuclei. Spurred by new experimental developments, it is now possible to gain valuable insights into the neutron distribution…
Established x-ray diffraction methods allow for high-resolution structure determination of crystals, crystallized protein structures or even single molecules. While these techniques rely on coherent scattering, incoherent processes like…
Small-angle scattering (SAS) techniques, which utilize neutrons and X-rays, are employed in various scientific fields, including materials science, biochemistry, and polymer physics. During the analysis of SAS data, model parameters that…
To what extent can particulate random media be characterised using direct wave backscattering from a single receiver/source? Here, in a two dimensional setting, we show using a machine learning approach that both the particle radius and…
Purpose: Electron density is the most important tissue property influencing photon and ion dose distributions in radiotherapy patients. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) enables the determination of electron density by combining the…
Sensor noise sources cause differences in the signal recorded across pixels in a single image and across multiple images. This paper presents a Bayesian approach to decomposing and characterizing the sensor noise sources involved in imaging…
A new type of spectroscopy for high-resolution studies of spin waves that relies on resonant scattering of hard x-rays is introduced. The energy transfer in the scattering process is encoded in the precession of the polarization vector of…
Small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering are widely used to investigate soft matter and biophysical systems. The experimental errors are essential when assessing how well a hypothesized model fits the data. Likewise, they are important when…
X-ray Compton spectroscopy is one of the few direct probes of the electron momentum distribution of bulk materials in ambient and operando environments. We report high-resolution inelastic X-ray scattering experiments with high momentum and…
Bayesian methods are used to constrain the density dependence of the QCD Equation of State (EoS) for dense nuclear matter using the data of mean transverse kinetic energy and elliptic flow of protons from heavy ion collisions (HIC), in the…
Despite its ability to draw precise inferences from large and complex datasets, the use of data analytics in the field of condensed matter and materials sciences -- where vast quantities of complex metrology data are regularly generated --…
We combine stroboscopic laser excitation with stochastic photoactivation and super-resolution fluorescence imaging. This makes it possible to record hundreds of diffusion trajectories of small protein molecules in single bacterial cells…
Digital assays represent a shift from traditional diagnostics and enable the precise detection of low-abundance analytes, critical for early disease diagnosis and personalized medicine, through discrete counting of biomolecular reporters.…