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Wildfires pose a severe threat to the ecosystem and economy, and risk assessment is typically based on fire danger indices such as the McArthur Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) used in Australia. Studying the joint tail dependence structure…
The power system is among the most important critical infrastructures in urban cities and is getting increasingly essential in supporting people s daily activities. However, it is also susceptible to most natural disasters such as tsunamis,…
The field of Detection and Attribution is rapidly moving beyond weather and climate, and towards incorporating hazards and their impacts on natural and human systems. Here, we review the comprehensive literature base relevant for the UK…
Improving health in the most disadvantaged populations requires reliable estimates of health and demographic indicators to inform policy and interventions. Low- and middle-income countries with the largest burden of disease and disability…
Vulnerability exploitation is reportedly one of the main attack vectors against computer systems. Yet, most vulnerabilities remain unexploited by attackers. It is therefore of central importance to identify vulnerabilities that carry a high…
Composite indicators are a useful tool to summarize, measure and compare changes among different communities. The UK Office for National Statistics has created an annual England Health Index (starting from 2015) comprised of three main…
Population boundary is a classic indicator of climatic response in ecology. In addition to known challenges, the spatial and dynamical characteristics of the boundary are not only affected by the spatial gradient in the environmental…
Improving health worldwide will require rigorous quantification of population-level trends in health status. However, global-level surveys are not available, forcing researchers to rely on fragmentary country-specific data of varying…
Entropy measures of probability distributions are widely used measures in ecology, biology, genetics, and in other fields, to quantify species diversity of a community. Unfortunately, entropy-based diversity indices, or diversity indices…
The impact of hot weather on health outcomes of a population is mediated by a variety of factors, including its age profile and local green infrastructure. The combination of warming due to climate change and demographic aging suggests that…
In developing countries, building codes often are outdated or not enforced. As a result, a large portion of the housing stock is substandard and vulnerable to natural hazards and climate related events. Assessing housing quality is key to…
Air pollution is a growing global health threat, exacerbated by climate change and linked to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. While personal sensing devices enable real-time physiological monitoring, their integration with…
This study develops a model-based index creation approach called the Generalized Shared Component Model (GSCM) by drawing on the large field of factor models. The proposed fully Bayesian approach accommodates heteroscedastic model error,…
The absolute dominance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) introduces unprecedented societal harms and risks. Existing AI risk assessment models focus on internal compliance, often neglecting diverse stakeholder perspectives and real-world…
In several countries, including Italy, a prominent approach to population health surveillance involves conducting repeated cross-sectional surveys at short intervals of time. These surveys gather information on the health status of…
A typical problem in air pollution epidemiology is exposure assessment for individuals for which health data are available. Due to the sparsity of monitoring sites and the limited temporal frequency with which measurements of air pollutants…
Vector-borne diseases cause more than 1 million deaths annually. Estimates of epidemic risk at high spatial resolutions can enable effective public health interventions. Our goal is to identify the risk of importation of such diseases into…
The harmful relationship between heatwaves and health has been extensively documented in medical and epidemiological literature. However, most evidence is associational and cannot be interpreted causally unless strong assumptions are made.…
Evaluating human exposure to environmental hazards is crucial for identifying susceptible communities and devising targeted health policies. Standard environmental hazard exposure assessment methods have been primarily based on place of…
In this article, we review the interdisciplinary techniques (borrowed from physics, mathematics, statistics, machine-learning, etc.) and methodological framework that we have used to understand climate systems, which serve as examples of…