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Generating accurate circuit schematics from high-level natural language descriptions remains a persistent challenge in electronic design automation (EDA), as large language models (LLMs) frequently hallucinate components, violate strict…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Khandakar Shakib Al Hasan , Syed Rifat Raiyan , Hasin Mahtab Alvee , Wahid Sadik

We design logic circuits based on the notion of zero forcing on graphs; each gate of the circuits is a gadget in which zero forcing is performed. We show that such circuits can evaluate every monotone Boolean function. By using two vertices…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Daniel Burgarth , Vittorio Giovannetti , Leslie Hogben , Simone Severini , Michael Young

Unlike most classical algorithms that take an input and give the solution directly as an output, quantum algorithms produce a quantum circuit that works as an indirect solution to computationally hard problems. In the full quantum computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-22 Yikai Mao , Shaswot Shresthamali , Masaaki Kondo

Despite significant progress in transformer interpretability, an understanding of the computational mechanisms of large language models (LLMs) remains a fundamental challenge. Many approaches interpret a network's hidden representations but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 James R. Golden

Quantum computing has gained attention in recent years due to the significant progress in quantum computing technology. Today many companies like IBM, Google and Microsoft have developed quantum computers and simulators for research and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-04 Hassan Hajjdiab , Ashraf Khalil , Hichem Eleuch

Perceptron model is a fundamental linear classifier in machine learning and also the building block of artificial neural networks. Recently, Wiebe et al. (arXiv:1602.04799) proposed that the training of a perceptron can be quadratically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-19 Yu Zheng , Sicong Lu , Re-Bing Wu

Transformers evaluated in a single, fixed-depth pass are provably limited in expressive power to the constant-depth circuit class TC0. Running a Transformer autoregressively removes that ceiling -- first in next-token prediction and, more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Mrinal Mathur , Mike Doan , Barak Pearlmutter , Sergey Plis

The proliferation of agentic systems has thrust the reasoning capabilities of AI into the forefront of contemporary machine learning. While it is known that there \emph{exist} neural networks which can reason through any Boolean task…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Wenhao Li , Anastasis Kratsios , Hrad Ghoukasian , Dennis Zvigelsky

Circuit discovery and activation steering in transformers have developed as separate research threads, yet both operate on the same representational space. Are they two views of the same underlying structure? We show they follow a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Andres Saurez , Neha Sengar , Dongsoo Har

Circuit design is complicated and requires extensive domain-specific expertise. One major obstacle stuck on the way to hardware agile development is the considerably time-consuming process of accurate circuit quality evaluation. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Nan Wu , Huake He , Yuan Xie , Pan Li , Cong Hao

In the logic synthesis stage, structure transformations in the synthesis tool need to be combined into optimization sequences and act on the circuit to meet the specified circuit area and delay. However, logic synthesis optimization…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Chenghao Yang , Zhongda Wang , Yinshui Xia , Zhufei Chu

We present nonlinear photonic circuit models for constructing programmable linear transformations and use these to realize a coherent Perceptron, i.e., an all-optical linear classifier capable of learning the classification boundary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-31 Nikolas Tezak , Hideo Mabuchi

The generation of high-fidelity synthetic data is a cornerstone of modern machine learning, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently suffer from hallucinations, logical inconsistencies, and mode collapse when tasked with structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zehua Cheng , Wei Dai , Jiahao Sun , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Prompt engineering has emerged as a powerful technique for guiding large language models (LLMs) toward desired responses, significantly enhancing their performance across diverse tasks. Beyond their role as static predictors, LLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Ryumei Nakada , Wenlong Ji , Tianxi Cai , James Zou , Linjun Zhang

The current generation of quantum computing technologies call for quantum algorithms that require a limited number of qubits and quantum gates, and which are robust against errors. A suitable design approach are variational circuits where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-10 Maria Schuld , Alex Bocharov , Krysta Svore , Nathan Wiebe

Attention-based transformers have become the standard architecture in many deep learning fields, primarily due to their ability to model long-range dependencies and handle variable-length input sequences. However, the attention mechanism…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Kalle Hilsenbek

A new proposal is given for designing a non-volatile, completely spin logic device, that can be reprogrammed for different functional classical logical operations. We use the concept of bias driven spin dependent circular current and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-02-04 Moumita Patra , Alok Shukla , Santanu K Maiti

While transformer models have been highly successful, they are computationally inefficient. We observe that for each layer, the full width of the layer may be needed only for a small subset of tokens inside a batch and that the "effective"…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Bartosz Wójcik , Alessio Devoto , Karol Pustelnik , Pasquale Minervini , Simone Scardapane

Circuit topology generation plays a crucial role in the design of electronic circuits, influencing the fundamental functionality of the circuit. In this paper, we introduce CIRCUITSYNTH, a novel approach that harnesses LLMs to facilitate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Prashanth Vijayaraghavan , Luyao Shi , Ehsan Degan , Xin Zhang

Quantum computing has recently emerged as a transformative technology. Yet, its promised advantages rely on efficiently translating quantum operations into viable physical realizations. In this work, we use generative machine learning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Florian Fürrutter , Gorka Muñoz-Gil , Hans J. Briegel