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Deep generative models have achieved tremendous success in structure-based drug design in recent years, especially for generating 3D ligand molecules that bind to specific protein pocket. Notably, diffusion models have transformed ligand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Daiheng Zhang , Chengyue Gong , Qiang Liu

Optimizing conflicting molecular properties while strictly adhering to complex 3D structural constraints constitutes a challenging Constrained Multi-Objective Optimization Problem (CMOP). Traditional Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) destroy…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Ruiqing Sun , Dawei Feng , Sen Yang , Ronghang Wang , Huaiyuan Song , Bo Ding , Yijie Wang , Huaimin Wang

Generating molecular structures with desired properties is a critical task with broad applications in drug discovery and materials design. We propose 3M-Diffusion, a novel multi-modal molecular graph generation method, to generate diverse,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Huaisheng Zhu , Teng Xiao , Vasant G Honavar

Deep generative diffusion models are a promising avenue for 3D de novo molecular design in materials science and drug discovery. However, their utility is still limited by suboptimal performance on large molecular structures and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Tuan Le , Julian Cremer , Frank Noé , Djork-Arné Clevert , Kristof Schütt

De novo 3D molecule generation is a pivotal task in drug discovery. However, many recent geometric generative models struggle to produce high-quality 3D structures, even if they maintain 2D validity and topological stability. To tackle this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Danny Reidenbach , Filipp Nikitin , Olexandr Isayev , Saee Paliwal

Structure-based drug design has been accelerated by pocket-aware 3D generative models, yet most methods primarily fit the training distribution and may fall short of satisfying multiple properties required in real-world therapeutic drug…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yuan Xue , Daniel Kudenko , Megha Khosla

Molecular optimization, aimed at improving binding affinity or other molecular properties, is a crucial task in drug discovery that often relies on the expertise of medicinal chemists. Recently, deep learning-based 3D generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Anjie Qiao , Junjie Xie , Weifeng Huang , Hao Zhang , Jiahua Rao , Shuangjia Zheng , Yuedong Yang , Zhen Wang , Guo-Bo Li , Jinping Lei

Topology Optimization seeks to find the best design that satisfies a set of constraints while maximizing system performance. Traditional iterative optimization methods like SIMP can be computationally expensive and get stuck in local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Giorgio Giannone , Faez Ahmed

Molecule generation, especially generating 3D molecular geometries from scratch (i.e., 3D \textit{de novo} generation), has become a fundamental task in drug designs. Existing diffusion-based 3D molecule generation methods could suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Lei Huang , Hengtong Zhang , Tingyang Xu , Ka-Chun Wong

Generating novel active molecules for a given protein is an extremely challenging task for generative models that requires an understanding of the complex physical interactions between the molecule and its environment. In this paper, we…

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) leverages the 3D structure of biomolecular targets to guide the creation of new therapeutic agents. Recent advances in generative models, including diffusion models and geometric deep learning, have…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-28 Ali Khodabandeh Yalabadi , Mehdi Yazdani-Jahromi , Ozlem Ozmen Garibay

Sampling useful three-dimensional molecular structures along with their most favorable conformations is a key challenge in drug discovery. Current state-of-the-art 3D de-novo design flow matching or diffusion-based models are limited to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Riccardo Tedoldi , Ola Engkvist , Patrick Bryant , Hossein Azizpour , Jon Paul Janet , Alessandro Tibo

Achieving precise control over a molecule's biological activity-encompassing targeted activation/inhibition, cooperative multi-target modulation, and off-target toxicity mitigation-remains a critical challenge in de novo drug design.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Renyi Zhou , Huimin Zhu , Jing Tang , Min Li

Goal-directed molecular generation requires satisfying heterogeneous constraints such as protein--ligand compatibility and multi-objective drug-like properties, yet existing methods often optimize these constraints in isolation, failing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yanting Li , Zhuoyang Jiang , Enyan Dai , Lei Wang , Wen-Cai Ye , Li Liu

Structural topology optimization, which aims to find the optimal physical structure that maximizes mechanical performance, is vital in engineering design applications in aerospace, mechanical, and civil engineering. Generative adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 François Mazé , Faez Ahmed

Recent remarkable advancements in geometric deep generative models, coupled with accumulated structural data, enable structure-based drug design (SBDD) using only target protein information. However, existing models often struggle to…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-09 Joongwon Lee , Wonho Zhung , Jisu Seo , Woo Youn Kim

Drug discovery is a highly complicated process, and it is unfeasible to fully commit it to the recently developed molecular generation methods. Deep learning-based lead optimization takes expert knowledge as a starting point, learning from…

Diffusion generative models have emerged as a powerful framework for addressing problems in structural biology and structure-based drug design. These models operate directly on 3D molecular structures. Due to the unfavorable scaling of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-10 Ian Dunn , David Ryan Koes

Generative models for structure-based molecular design hold significant promise for drug discovery, with the potential to speed up the hit-to-lead development cycle, while improving the quality of drug candidates and reducing costs. Data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-25 Lucian Chan , Rajendra Kumar , Marcel Verdonk , Carl Poelking

In controllable generation tasks, flexibly manipulating the generated images to attain a desired appearance or structure based on a single input image cue remains a critical and longstanding challenge. Achieving this requires the effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Xi Wang , Yichen Peng , Heng Fang , Yilin Wang , Haoran Xie , Xi Yang , Chuntao Li