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The fundamental representations of the special linear group ${\rm SL}_n$ over the complex numbers are the exterior powers of $\mathbb{C}^n$. We consider the invariant rings of sums of arbitrary many copies of these ${\rm SL}_n$-modules. The…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-07-26 Lukas Braun

We show that, given an infinite cardinal $\mu$, a graph has colouring number at most $\mu$ if and only if it contains neither of two types of subgraph. We also show that every graph with infinite colouring number has a well-ordering of its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-05 Nathan Bowler , Johannes Carmesin , Péter Komjáth , Christian Reiher

We construct infinite families of graphs that are determined by their generalized spectrum. This construction is based on new formulae for the determinant of the walk matrix of a graph. The graphs constructed here all satisfy a lower…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-05 Fenjin Liu , Johannes Siemons , Wei Wang

Graph polynomials are graph parameters invariant under graph isomorphisms which take values in a polynomial ring with a fixed finite number of indeterminates. We study graph polynomials from a model theoretic point of view. In this paper we…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-05-24 J. A. Makowsky , E. V. Ravve , T. Kotek

We study a class of complex polynomial equations on a finite graph with a view to understanding how holistic phenomena emerge from combinatorial structure. Particular solutions arise from orthogonal projections of regular polytopes,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-09-16 Paul Baird

Cyclically ordered graphs, or cogs, sit between abstract graphs and cellularly embedded graphs. They arise naturally in topological graph theory, knot theory, and mathematical biology. We develop a formal theory of cogs and establish a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Paul Bratch , M. N. Ellingham , Joanna A. Ellis-Monaghan , Iain Moffatt , Wout Moltmaker

The chromatic polynomial and its generalization, the chromatic symmetric function, are two important graph invariants. Celebrated theorems of Birkhoff, Whitney, and Stanley show how both objects can be expressed in three different ways: as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-28 Bruce E. Sagan , Vincent Vatter

Graph matrices are a type of matrix which has played a crucial role in analyzing the sum of squares hierarchy on average case problems. However, except for rough norm bounds, little is known about graph matrices. In this paper, we take a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Wenjun Cai , Aaron Potechin

We introduce a homotopy theory of digraphs (directed graphs) and prove its basic properties, including the relations to the homology theory of digraphs constructed by the authors in previous papers. In particular, we prove the homotopy…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-07-02 Alexander Grigor'yan , Yong Lin , Yuri Muranov , Shing-Tung Yau

We define a complete invariant for doodles on a 2-sphere which takes values in series of chord diagrams of certain type. The coefficients at the diagrams with $n$ chords are finite type invariants of doodles of order at most $2n$.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-02-28 Jacob Mostovoy

Inspired by notorious combinatorial optimization problems on graphs, in this paper we consider a series of related problems defined using a metric space and topology determined by a graph. Particularly, we present the Independent Set,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Alexander Grigoriev , Katherine Faulkner

In this paper, we introduce the concept of the weighted (harmonic) chromatic polynomials of graphs and discuss some of its properties. We also present the notion of the weighted (harmonic) Tutte--Grothendieck polynomials of graphs and give…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-03 Himadri Shekhar Chakraborty , Tsuyoshi Miezaki , Chong Zheng

In Chapter 2 we study the path-cycle symmetric function of a digraph, a symmetric function generalization of Chung and Graham's cover polynomial. Most of this material appears in either Advances in Math. 118 (1996), 71-98 or J. Algebraic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Timothy Y. Chow

We consider constrained variants of graph homomorphisms such as embeddings, monomorphisms, full homomorphisms, surjective homomorpshims, and locally constrained homomorphisms. We also introduce a new variation on this theme which derives…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-23 Yangjing Long

We define the notion of an invariant function on a cluster ensemble with respect to an action of the cluster modular group on its associated function fields. We realize many examples of previously studied functions as elements of this type…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-01-08 Dani Kaufman

We present the basic elements of a generalization of symmetric function theory involving functions of commuting and anticommuting (Grassmannian) variables. These new functions, called symmetric functions in superspace, are invariant under…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-13 Patrick Desrosiers , Luc Lapointe , Pierre Mathieu

The theory of colorful graphs can be developed by working in Galois field modulo (p), p > 2 and a prime number. The paper proposes a program of possible conversion of graph theory into a pleasant colorful appearance. We propose to paint the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Dhananjay P. Mehendale

Using the spectral theory of weakly convergent sequences of finite graphs, we prove the uniform existence of the integrated density of states for a large class of infinite graphs.

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2007-09-11 Gabor Elek

The reconstruction conjecture has remained open for simple undirected graphs since it was suggested in 1941 by Kelly and Ulam. In an attempt to prove the conjecture, many graph invariants have been shown to be reconstructible from the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-15 T. Kotek

We introduce $H$-chromatic symmetric functions, $X_{G}^{H}$, which use the $H$-coloring of a graph $G$ to define a generalization of Stanley's chromatic symmetric functions. We say two graphs $G_1$ and $G_2$ are $H$-chromatically equivalent…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-23 Nancy Mae Eagles , Angèle M. Foley , Alice Huang , Elene Karangozishvili , Annan Yu