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The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) can require considerable processing time for developers to test and debug their codes on expensive quantum devices. One avenue to circumvent this difficulty is to use the error maps of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-05 Wilson R. M. Rabelo , Sandra D. Prado , Leonardo G. Brunnet

Quantum error correction (QEC) is an essential step towards realising scalable quantum computers. Theoretically, it is possible to achieve arbitrarily long protection of quantum information from corruption due to decoherence or imperfect…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) was originally developed to solve combinatorial optimization problems, but has become a standard for assessing the performance of quantum computers. Fully descriptive benchmarking…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-29 Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

The design of fast algorithms for combinatorial optimization greatly contributes to a plethora of domains such as logistics, finance, and chemistry. Quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOAs), which utilize the power of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Zeqiao Zhou , Yuxuan Du , Xinmei Tian , Dacheng Tao

In the search for quantum advantage in real--world problems, one promising avenue is to use a quantum algorithm to improve on the solution found using an efficient classical algorithm. The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Yunlong Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang , Nic Shannon , Robert Joynt

In principle a 1D array of nearest-neighbour linked qubits is compatible with fault tolerant quantum computing. However such a restricted topology necessitates a large overhead for shuffling qubits and consequently the fault tolerance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-12 Ying Li , Simon C. Benjamin

We introduce an adaptable and modular hybrid architecture designed for fault-tolerant quantum computing. It combines quantum emitters and linear-optical entangling gates to leverage the strength of both matter-based and photonic-based…

Silicon spin qubits in gate-defined quantum dots leverage established semiconductor infrastructure and offer a scalable path toward transformative quantum technologies. Holes spins in silicon offer compact all-electrical control, whilst…

Many combinatorial optimization problems admit a maximin fairness variant, where the aim is to find a distribution over possible solutions which maximizes an expected worst-case outcome. However, the support for an optimal distribution may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Bao Bach , Cameron Ibrahim , Reuben Tate , Jad Salem , Stephan Eidenbenz , Ilya Safro

We propose a machine learning based approach to accelerate quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) implementation which is a promising quantum-classical hybrid algorithm to prove the so-called quantum supremacy. In QAOA, a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

Many quantum algorithms seek to output a specific bitstring solving the problem of interest--or a few if the solution is degenerate. It is the case for the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) in the limit of large circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-23 Maxime Dupont , Nicolas Didier , Mark J. Hodson , Joel E. Moore , Matthew J. Reagor

Electron spins in semiconductor devices are highly promising building blocks for quantum processors (QPs). Commercial semiconductor foundries can create QPs using the same processes employed for conventional chips, once the QP design is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Hamza Jnane , Simon C Benjamin

Trapped-ion quantum computers exhibit promising potential to provide platforms for high-quality qubits and reliable quantum computation. The Quantum Charge Coupled Device (QCCD) architecture is a leading example that offers a modular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-02 Daniel Schoenberger , Stefan Hillmich , Matthias Brandl , Robert Wille

Quantum computing holds promise for outperforming classical computing in specialized applications such as optimization. With current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, only variational quantum algorithms like the Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Daniel Müssig , Markus Wappler , Steve Lenk , Jörg Lässig

Spin shuttling offers a promising approach for developing scalable silicon-based quantum processors by addressing the connectivity limitations of quantum dots. In this work, we demonstrate high-fidelity bucket-brigade spin shuttling in a…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is an algorithmic framework for finding approximate solutions to combinatorial optimization problems, derived from an approximation to the Quantum Adiabatic Algorithm (QAA). In solving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-05 Yue Ruan , Samuel Marsh , Xilin Xue , Xi Li , Zhihao Liu , Jingbo Wang

Analog quantum algorithms are formulated in terms of Hamiltonians rather than unitary gates and include quantum adiabatic computing, quantum annealing, and the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). These algorithms are…

With one- and two-qubit gate fidelities approaching the fault-tolerance threshold for spin qubits in silicon, how to scale up the architecture and make large arrays of spin qubits become the more pressing challenges. In a scaled-up…

A major open problem in understanding shallow quantum circuits (QAC$^0$) is whether they can compute Parity. We show that this question is solely about the Fourier spectrum of QAC$^0$: any QAC$^0$ circuit with non-negligible high-level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Lucas Gretta , Meghal Gupta , Malvika Raj Joshi

Variational quantum algorithms have emerged as a cornerstone of contemporary quantum algorithms research. While they have demonstrated considerable promise in solving problems of practical interest, efficiently determining the minimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Daniil Rabinovich , Andrey Kardashin , Soumik Adhikary