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Tool-Based Agent Systems (TBAS) allow Language Models (LMs) to use external tools for tasks beyond their standalone capabilities, such as searching websites, booking flights, or making financial transactions. However, these tools greatly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Peter Yong Zhong , Siyuan Chen , Ruiqi Wang , McKenna McCall , Ben L. Titzer , Heather Miller , Phillip B. Gibbons

Much worldly semantic knowledge can be encoded in large language models (LLMs). Such information could be of great use to robots that want to carry out high-level, temporally extended commands stated in natural language. However, the lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Ehsan Latif

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly influenced various industries but suffer from a critical flaw, the potential sensitivity of generating harmful content, which poses severe societal risks. We developed and tested novel attack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yuyi Huang , Runzhe Zhan , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao , Ailin Tao

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have seen rapid advancements, significantly impacting various fields such as computer vision, natural language processing, and software engineering. These LLMs, exemplified by OpenAI's ChatGPT,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Xiang Chen , Chaoyang Gao , Chunyang Chen , Guangbei Zhang , Yong Liu

The recent success of large language models (LLMs) has paved the way for their adoption in the high-stakes domain of healthcare. Specifically, the application of LLMs in patient-trial matching, which involves assessing patient eligibility…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Mauro Nievas , Aditya Basu , Yanshan Wang , Hrituraj Singh

The recent popularity of large language models (LLMs) has brought a significant impact to boundless fields, particularly through their open-ended ecosystem such as the APIs, open-sourced models, and plugins. However, with their widespread…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Wentao Ye , Mingfeng Ou , Tianyi Li , Yipeng chen , Xuetao Ma , Yifan Yanggong , Sai Wu , Jie Fu , Gang Chen , Haobo Wang , Junbo Zhao

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced remarkable progress in recent years, driven by the widespread adoption of open-source machine learning models in both research and industry. Considering the resource-intensive nature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Dominik Hintersdorf , Lukas Struppek , Kristian Kersting

Large language model (LLM) services have recently begun offering a plugin ecosystem to interact with third-party API services. This innovation enhances the capabilities of LLMs, but it also introduces risks, as these plugins developed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Wanru Zhao , Vidit Khazanchi , Haodi Xing , Xuanli He , Qiongkai Xu , Nicholas Donald Lane

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the unique capability to understand and generate human-like text from input queries. When fine-tuned, these models show enhanced performance on domain-specific queries. OpenAI highlights the process of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Scott Barnett , Zac Brannelly , Stefanus Kurniawan , Sheng Wong

"Bigger the better" has been the predominant trend in recent Large Language Models (LLMs) development. However, LLMs do not suit well for scenarios that require on-device processing, energy efficiency, low memory footprint, and response…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Omkar Thawakar , Ashmal Vayani , Salman Khan , Hisham Cholakal , Rao M. Anwer , Michael Felsberg , Tim Baldwin , Eric P. Xing , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated human-level performance on a vast spectrum of natural language tasks. However, few studies have addressed the LLM threat and vulnerability from an ideology perspective, especially when they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Xiaotian Zhou , Qian Wang , Xiaofeng Wang , Haixu Tang , Xiaozhong Liu

Mobile Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing diverse fields such as healthcare, finance, and education with their ability to perform advanced natural language processing tasks on-the-go. However, the deployment of these models in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Honghui Xu , Kaiyang Li , Wei Chen , Danyang Zheng , Zhiyuan Li , Zhipeng Cai

Large language models (LLMs) are highly compute- and memory-intensive, posing significant demands on high-performance GPUs. At the same time, advances in GPU technology driven by shrinking transistor sizes and lower operating voltages have…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Duo Chai , Zizhen Liu , Shuhuai Wang , Songwei Pei , Cheng Liu , Huawei Li , Shangguang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been subject to extensive research in the past few years. This is particularly true for the potential of LLMs to generate formative programming feedback for novice learners at university. In contrast to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Imen Azaiz , Natalie Kiesler , Sven Strickroth , Anni Zhang

System Instructions in Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly used to enforce safety policies, define agent behavior, and protect sensitive operational context in agentic AI applications. These instructions may contain sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Anubhab Sahu , Diptisha Samanta , Reza Soosahabi

Recent work has shown that probing model internals can reveal a wealth of information not apparent from the model generations. This poses the risk of unintentional or malicious information leakage, where model users are able to learn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Masha Fedzechkina , Eleonora Gualdoni , Rita Ramos , Sinead Williamson

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold promise for advancing legal practice by automating complex tasks and improving access to justice. However, their adoption is limited by concerns over client confidentiality, especially when lawyers include…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 M. Mikail Demir , Hakan T. Otal , M. Abdullah Canbaz

Language models (LMs) may memorize personally identifiable information (PII) from training data, enabling adversaries to extract it during inference. Existing defense mechanisms such as differential privacy (DP) reduce this leakage, but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Anthony Hughes , Vasisht Duddu , N. Asokan , Nikolaos Aletras , Ning Ma

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) in 6G vehicular networks promises unprecedented advancements in intelligent transportation systems. However, offloading LLM computations from vehicles to edge infrastructure poses significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Ikhlasse Badidi , Nouhaila El Khiyaoui , Aya Riany , Badr Ben Elallid , Amine Abouaomar

The wide deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) has given rise to strong demands for optimizing their inference performance. Today's techniques serving this purpose primarily focus on reducing latency and improving throughput through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Linke Song , Zixuan Pang , Wenhao Wang , Zihao Wang , XiaoFeng Wang , Hongbo Chen , Wei Song , Yier Jin , Dan Meng , Rui Hou