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Spin-orbit torque and spin-transfer torque are leading the pathway to the future of spintronic memories. However, both of the mechanisms are suffering from intrinsic limitations. In particular, an external magnetic field is required for…

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are basic building blocks for devices such as magnetic random access memories (MRAMs). The relevance for modern computation of non-volatile high-frequency memories makes ac-transport measurements of MTJs…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-02-08 Subir Parui , Mário Ribeiro , Ainhoa Atxabal , Amilcar Bedoya-Pinto , Xiangnan Sun , Roger Llopis , Fèlix Casanova , Luis E. Hueso

The discovery of materials with improved functionality can be accelerated by rational material design. Heusler compounds with tunable magnetic sublattices allow to implement this concept to achieve novel magnetic properties. Here, we have…

The magnetic tunnel junction is a cornerstone of spintronic devices and circuits, providing the main way to convert between magnetic and electrical information. In state-of-the-art magnetic tunnel junctions, magnesium oxide is used as the…

Antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials are a pathway to spintronic memory and computing devices with unprecedented speed, energy efficiency, and bit density. Realizing this potential requires AFM devices with simultaneous electrical writing and…

The escalating demand for memory scaling requires switching mechanisms that remain reliable at atomic thickness while operating with minimal energy consumption. Sliding ferroelectricity provides a promising platform for this challenge: the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Ruixue Wang , Jiangang Chen , Er Pan , Wunan Wang , Zefen Li , Fan Yang , Hongmiao Zhou , Zhaoren Xie , Qing Liu , Xiao Luo , Junhao Chu , Wenwu Li , Fucai Liu

Multiferroic tunnel junctions (MFTJs) have aroused significant interest due to their functional properties useful for non-volatile memory devices. So far, however, all the existing MFTJs have been based on perovskite-oxide heterostructures…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Yurong Su , Xinlu Li , Meng Zhu , Jia Zhang , Long You , Evgeny Y. Tsymbal

Perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions are one of the building blocks for spintronic memories, which allow fast nonvolatile data access, offering substantial potentials to revolutionize the mainstream computing architecture. However,…

The utilization of two-dimensional (2D) materials in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) has shown excellent performance and rich physics. As for 2D antiferromagnets, the magnetic moments in different layers respond asynchronously and can be…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Xiaolin Ren , Ruizi Liu , Yiyang Zhang , Yuting Liu , Xuezhao Wu , Kun Qian , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Qiming Shao

In the quest for reliable and power-efficient memristive devices, ferroelectric tunnel junctions are being investigated as potential candidates. CMOS-compatible ferroelectric hafnium oxides are at the forefront. However, in epitaxial tunnel…

We investigate the switching of a magnetic nanoparticle comprising the middle free layer of a memory cell based on a double magnetic tunnel junction under the combined effect of spin-polarized current and weak on-chip magnetic field. We…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-12-29 Yu. Dzhezherya , P. Polynchuk , A. Kravets , V. Korenivski

The independent control of two magnetic electrodes and spin-coherent transport in magnetic tunnel junctions are strictly required for tunneling magnetoresistance, while junctions with only one ferromagnetic electrode exhibit tunneling…

Spin-torque memristors were proposed in 2009, which could provide fast, low-power and infinite memristive behavior for large-density non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing. However, the strict requirements of combining high…

Light pulses offer a faster, more energy-efficient, and direct route to magnetic bit writing, pointing toward a hybrid memory and computing paradigm based on photon transmission and spin retention. Yet progress remains hindered, as…

Nb and its compounds are widely used in quantum computing due to their high superconducting transition temperatures and high critical fields. Devices that combine superconducting performance and spintronic non-volatility could deliver…

Low-dimensional ferroelectric tunnel junctions are appealing for the realization of nanoscale nonvolatile memory devices due to their inherent advantage of device miniaturization. Those based on current mechanisms still have restrictions…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-07-14 Jiu-Long Wang , Yi-Feng Zhao , Wen Xu , Jun-Ding Zheng , Ya-Ping Shao , Wen-Yi Tong , Chun-Gang Duan

Flexible electronics is an emerging field in many applications ranging from in vivo biomedical devices to wearable smart systems. The capability of conforming to curved surfaces opens the door to add electronic components to miniaturized…

We have fabricated nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with an additional fixed magnetic layer added above the magnetic free layer of a standard MTJ structure. This acts as a second source of spin-polarized electrons that, depending…

Memristors are non-volatile nano-resistors. Their resistance can be tuned by applied currents or voltages and set to a large number of levels between two limit values. Thanks to these properties, memristors are ideal building blocks for a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-05-26 Steven Lequeux , Joao Sampaio , Vincent Cros , Kay Yakushiji , Akio Fukushima , Rie Matsumoto , Hitoshi Kubota , Shinji Yuasa , Julie Grollier

Multiferroic tunnel junctions (MFTJs) have already been proved to be promising candidates for application in spintronics devices. The coupling between tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) and tunnel electroresistance (TER) in MFTJs can provide…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-06-25 Q. Liu , J. Miao , Z. D. Xu , P. F. Liu , Q. H. Zhang , L. Gu , K. K. Meng , X. G. Xu , J. K. Chen , Y. Wu , Y. Jiang