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Related papers: Smart HPA: A Resource-Efficient Horizontal Pod Aut…

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Horizontal Pod Auto-scalers (HPAs) are crucial for managing resource allocation in microservice architectures to handle fluctuating workloads. However, traditional HPAs fail to address resource disruptions caused by faults, cyberattacks,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Hussain Ahmad , Christoph Treude , Markus Wagner , Claudia Szabo

The existing resource allocation policy for application instances in Kubernetes cannot dynamically adjust according to the requirement of business, which would cause an enormous waste of resources during fluctuations. Moreover, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Zhiqiang Zhou , Chaoli Zhang , Lingna Ma , Jing Gu , Huajie Qian , Qingsong Wen , Liang Sun , Peng Li , Zhimin Tang

Microservices architecture offers various benefits, including granularity, flexibility, and scalability. A crucial feature of this architecture is the ability to autoscale microservices, i.e., adjust the number of replicas and/or manage…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-15 João Paulo Karol Santos Nunes , Shiva Nejati , Mehrdad Sabetzadeh , Elisa Yumi Nakagawa

In cloud-native systems, Kubernetes clusters with interdependent services often face challenges to their operational resilience due to poor workload management issues such as resource blocking, bottlenecks, or continuous pod crashes. These…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Julien Soulé , Jean-Paul Jamont , Michel Occello , Louis-Marie Traonouez , Paul Théron

Existing state-of-the-art vertical autoscalers for containerized environments are traditionally built for cloud applications, which might behave differently than HPC workloads with their dynamic resource consumption. In these environments,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Daniel Medeiros , Jeremy J. Williams , Jacob Wahlgren , Leonardo Saud Maia Leite , Ivy Peng

Kubernetes offers two default paths for scaling Node\.js workloads, and both have structural limitations. The Horizontal Pod Autoscaler scales on CPU utilization, which does not directly measure event loop saturation: a Node.js pod can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Ivan Tymoshenko , Luca Maraschi , Matteo Collina

An effective auto-scaling framework is essential for microservices to ensure performance stability and resource efficiency under dynamic workloads. As revealed by many prior studies, the key to efficient auto-scaling lies in accurately…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Qin Hua , Dingyu Yang , Shiyou Qian , Jian Cao , Guangtao Xue , Minglu Li

With the emergence of the Internet of Things and 5G technologies, the edge computing paradigm is playing increasingly important roles with better availability, latency-control and performance. However, existing autoscaling tools for edge…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Li Ju , Prashant Singh , Salman Toor

Autoscaling in cloud-native platforms like Kubernetes is reactive and metric-driven, leading to a strategic void problem. This comes from the decoupling of higher-level business policies from lower-level resource provisioning. The strategic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hamed Hamzeh , Parisa Vahdatian

Serverless platforms such as Kubernetes are increasingly adopted in high-performance computing, yet autoscaling remains challenging under highly dynamic and heterogeneous workloads. Existing approaches often rely on uniform reactive…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Guilin Zhang , Srinivas Vippagunta , Raghavendra Nandagopal , Suchitra Raman , Jeff Xu , Marcus Pfeiffer , Shreeshankar Chatterjee , Ziqi Tan , Wulan Guo , Hailong Jiang

While cloud environments and auto-scaling solutions have been widely applied to traditional monolithic applications, they face significant limitations when it comes to microservices-based architectures. Microservices introduce additional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Majid Dashtbani , Ladan Tahvildari

Edge computing decentralizes computing resources, allowing for novel applications in domains such as the Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare and agriculture by reducing latency and improving performance. This decentralization is achieved…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Suhrid Gupta , Muhammed Tawfiqul Islam , Rajkumar Buyya

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale to handle massive concurrent traffic, optimizing the infrastructure required for inference has become a primary challenge. To manage the high cost of GPU resources while ensuring strict service-level…

Microservice architecture has become a dominant paradigm in application development due to its advantages of being lightweight, flexible, and resilient. Deploying microservice applications in the container-based cloud enables fine-grained…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhengxin Fang , Hui Ma , Gang Chen , Rajkumar Buyya

The architectural style of microservices has been gaining popularity in recent years. In this architectural style, small and loosely coupled modules are deployed and scaled independently to compose cloud-native applications. Carrier-grade…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Leila Abdollahi Vayghan , Mohamed Aymen Saied , Maria Toeroe , Ferhat Khendek

Achieving high availability and robust security in Kubernetes requires more than reactive scaling and standard perimeter firewalls. Traditional autoscalers, such as HPA, often fail to react quickly to traffic spikes and cannot distinguish…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zhijun Jiang , Amin Milani Fard

Cloud applications are increasingly moving away from monolithic services to agile microservices-based deployments. However, efficient resource management for microservices poses a significant hurdle due to the sheer number of loosely…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Md Rajib Hossen , Mohammad A. Islam , Kishwar Ahmed

Kubernetes provides native autoscaling mechanisms, including the Horizontal Pod Autoscaler, Vertical Pod Autoscaler, and node-level autoscalers, to enable elastic resource management for cloud-native applications. However, production…

In this work, we introduce a Self-Aware Polymorphic Architecture (SAPA) design approach to support emerging context-aware applications and mitigate the programming challenges caused by the ever-increasing complexity and heterogeneity of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-02-15 Michel A. Kinsy , Mihailo Isakov , Alan Ehret , Donato Kava

Future networks must meet stringent requirements while operating within tight energy and carbon constraints. Current autoscaling mechanisms remain workload-centric and infrastructure-siloed, and are largely unaware of their environmental…

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