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Modern networks are highly dynamic, and temporal graphs capture these changes through discrete edge appearances on a fixed vertex set, known in advance up to the graph's lifetime. The Vertex Cover problem extends to the temporal setting as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Sophia Heck , Eleni Akrida

To satisfy the increasing performance needs of modern cyber-physical systems, multiprocessor architectures are increasingly utilized. To efficiently exploit their potential parallelism in hard real-time systems, appropriate task models and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Niklas Ueter , Mario Günzel , Georg von der Brüggen , Jian-Jia Chen

We study how we can accelerate the spreading of information in temporal graphs via shifting operations; a problem that captures real-world applications varying from information flows to distribution schedules. In a temporal graph there is a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Argyrios Deligkas , Eduard Eiben , George Skretas

A temporal graph is a sequence of graphs (called layers) over the same vertex set -- describing a graph topology which is subject to discrete changes over time. A $\Delta$-temporal matching $M$ is a set of time edges $(e,t)$ (an edge $e$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Philipp Zschoche

Temporal graphs are introduced to model systems where the relationships among the entities of the system evolve over time. In this paper, we consider the temporal graphs where the edge set changes with time and all the changes are known a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Rinku Kumar , Bodhisatwa Mazumdar , Subhrangsu Mandal

Path cover is a well-known intractable problem that finds a minimum number of vertex disjoint paths in a given graph to cover all the vertices. We show that a variant, where the objective function is not the number of paths but the number…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Yinhui Cai , Guangting Chen , Yong Chen , Randy Goebel , Guohui Lin , Longcheng Liu , An Zhang

Temporal graphs represent interactions between entities over time. Deciding whether entities can reach each other through temporal paths is useful for various applications such as in communication networks and epidemiology. Previous works…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Luiz Fernando Afra Brito , Marcelo Keese Albertini , Bruno Augusto Nassif Travençolo , Gonzalo Navarro

The Longest Path Problem is a question of finding the maximum length between pairs of vertices of a graph. In the general case, the problem is NP-complete. However, there is a small collection of graph classes for which there exists an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Omar Al - Khazali

In train networks, carefully-chosen delays may be beneficial for certain passengers, who would otherwise miss some connection. Given a simple (directed or undirected) temporal graph and a set of passengers (each specifying a starting…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-11 David C. Kutner , Anouk Sommer

In observational studies, the true causal model is typically unknown and needs to be estimated from available observational and limited experimental data. In such cases, the learned causal model is commonly represented as a partially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Malte Luttermann , Marcel Wienöbst , Maciej Liśkiewicz

Recently, the authors gave Ramsey-type results for the path cover/partition number of graphs. In this paper, we continue the research about them focusing on digraphs, and find a relationship between the path cover/partition number and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-30 Shuya Chiba , Michitaka Furuya

Computing a minimum path cover (MPC) of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is a fundamental problem with a myriad of applications, including reachability. Although it is known how to solve the problem by a simple reduction to minimum flow,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Manuel Cáceres , Brendan Mumey , Santeri Toivonen , Alexandru I. Tomescu

Connectivity of temporal graphs has been widely studied both as graph theory and as gossip theory. In particular, it is well known that in order to connect every vertex to every other, a temporal graph needs to have at least $2n-4$ edges…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Thomas Bellitto , Jules Bouton Popper , Justine Cauvi , Bruno Escoffier , Raphaëlle Maistre-Matus

The recent deep generative models for static graphs that are now being actively developed have achieved significant success in areas such as molecule design. However, many real-world problems involve temporal graphs whose topology and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Liming Zhang , Liang Zhao , Shan Qin , Dieter Pfoser

In this article, we provide a unified and simplified approach to derandomize central results in the area of fault-tolerant graph algorithms. Given a graph $G$, a vertex pair $(s,t) \in V(G)\times V(G)$, and a set of edge faults $F \subseteq…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Karthik C. S. , Merav Parter

The NP-complete graph problem Cluster Editing seeks to transform a static graph into a disjoint union of cliques by making the fewest possible edits to the edges. We introduce a natural interpretation of this problem in temporal graphs,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Cristiano Bocci , Chiara Capresi , Kitty Meeks , John Sylvester

Shortcut sets are a vital instrument for reducing the diameter of a static graph and, consequently, its shortest path complexity, which is relevant in numerous subfields of graph theory. We explore the notion of shortcut sets in temporal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Gerome Quantmeyer

In a temporal forest each edge has an associated set of time labels that specify the time instants in which the edges are available. A temporal path from vertex $u$ to vertex $v$ in the forest is a selection of a label for each edge in the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Davide Bilò , Luciano Gualà , Stefano Leucci , Guido Proietti , Alessandro Straziota

We initiate the study of a fundamental combinatorial problem: Given a capacitated graph $G=(V,E)$, find a shortest walk ("route") from a source $s\in V$ to a destination $t\in V$ that includes all vertices specified by a set…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Saeed Akhoondian Amiri , Klaus-Tycho Foerster , Stefan Schmid

We consider the algorithmic complexity of recognizing bipartite temporal graphs. Rather than defining these graphs solely by their underlying graph or individual layers, we define a bipartite temporal graph as one in which every layer can…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Till Fluschnik , Pascal Kunz