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This work presents RNAdiffusion, a latent diffusion model for generating and optimizing discrete RNA sequences of variable lengths. RNA is a key intermediary between DNA and protein, exhibiting high sequence diversity and complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Kaixuan Huang , Yukang Yang , Kaidi Fu , Yanyi Chu , Le Cong , Mengdi Wang

Autoregressive (AR) large audio language models (LALMs) such as Qwen-2.5-Omni have achieved strong performance on audio understanding and interaction, but scaling them remains costly in data and computation, and strictly sequential decoding…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jiaming Zhou , Xuxin Cheng , Shiwan Zhao , Yuhang Jia , Cao Liu , Ke Zeng , Xunliang Cai , Yong Qin

Language models based on discrete diffusion have attracted widespread interest for their potential to provide faster generation than autoregressive models. Despite their promise, these models typically produce samples whose quality sharply…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Chanhyuk Lee , Jaehoon Yoo , Manan Agarwal , Sheel Shah , Jerry Huang , Aditi Raghunathan , Seunghoon Hong , Nicholas M. Boffi , Jinwoo Kim

In this work, we provide a systematic survey of Discrete Diffusion Language Models (dLLMs) and Discrete Diffusion Multimodal Language Models (dMLLMs). Unlike autoregressive (AR) models, dLLMs and dMLLMs adopt a multi-token, parallel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Runpeng Yu , Qi Li , Xinchao Wang

While diffusion models excel at generating high-quality images, prior work reports a significant performance gap between diffusion and autoregressive (AR) methods in language modeling. In this work, we show that simple masked discrete…

Antibody therapeutics are among the most successful modern medicines, yet computationally designing antibodies with desirable binding and developability properties remains challenging. While protein language models (pLMs) have emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Justin Sanders , Luca Giancardo , Lan Guo , Yue Zhao , Kemal Sonmez , Nina Cheng , Melih Yilmaz

Generating molecular structures with desired properties is a critical task with broad applications in drug discovery and materials design. We propose 3M-Diffusion, a novel multi-modal molecular graph generation method, to generate diverse,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Huaisheng Zhu , Teng Xiao , Vasant G Honavar

Latent diffusion models (LDMs) dominate high-quality image generation, yet integrating representation learning with generative modeling remains a challenge. We introduce a novel generative image modeling framework that seamlessly bridges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Theodoros Kouzelis , Efstathios Karypidis , Ioannis Kakogeorgiou , Spyros Gidaris , Nikos Komodakis

Large language models have achieved remarkable success under the autoregressive paradigm, yet high-quality text generation need not be tied to a fixed left-to-right order. Existing alternatives still struggle to jointly achieve generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hongcan Guo , Qinyu Zhao , Yian Zhao , Shen Nie , Rui Zhu , Qiushan Guo , Feng Wang , Tao Yang , Hengshuang Zhao , Guoqiang Wei , Yan Zeng

Can continuous diffusion models bring the same performance breakthrough on natural language they did for image generation? To circumvent the discrete nature of text data, we can simply project tokens in a continuous space of embeddings, as…

Diffusion Transformers (DiT) trained with flow matching in a VAE latent space have unified visual generation across images and videos. A natural next step toward a single architecture for both generation (visual synthesis) and understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jiaxiu Jiang , Jingjing Ren , Wenbo Li , Bo Wang , Haoze Sun , Yijun Yang , Jianhui Liu , Yanbing Zhang , Shenghe Zheng , Yuan Zhang , Haoyang Huang , Nan Duan , Wangmeng Zuo

Controlling the behavior of language models (LMs) without re-training is a major open problem in natural language generation. While recent works have demonstrated successes on controlling simple sentence attributes (e.g., sentiment), there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Xiang Lisa Li , John Thickstun , Ishaan Gulrajani , Percy Liang , Tatsunori B. Hashimoto

Recent advances in generative medical models are constrained by modality-specific scenarios that hinder the integration of complementary evidence from imaging, pathology, and clinical notes. This fragmentation limits their evolution into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Jiawei Mao , Yuhan Wang , Lifeng Chen , Can Zhao , Yucheng Tang , Dong Yang , Liangqiong Qu , Daguang Xu , Yuyin Zhou

Diffusion models have achieved great success in image generation, with the backbone evolving from U-Net to Vision Transformers. However, the computational cost of Transformers is quadratic to the number of tokens, leading to significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Yao Teng , Yue Wu , Han Shi , Xuefei Ning , Guohao Dai , Yu Wang , Zhenguo Li , Xihui Liu

Have you ever been troubled by the complexity and computational cost of SE(3) protein structure modeling and been amazed by the simplicity and power of language modeling? Recent work has shown promise in simplifying protein structures as…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-25 Zhangyang Gao , Cheng Tan , Stan Z. Li

Diffusion language models have emerged as a promising approach for text generation. One would naturally expect this method to be an efficient replacement for autoregressive models since multiple tokens can be sampled in parallel during each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Guhao Feng , Yihan Geng , Jian Guan , Wei Wu , Liwei Wang , Di He

Speech-driven gesture generation is an emerging domain within virtual human creation, where current methods predominantly utilize Transformer-based architectures that necessitate extensive memory and are characterized by slow inference…

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image and video generation. However, their inherently multiple step inference process imposes substantial computational overhead, hindering real-world deployment. Accelerating diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jiajun jiao , Haowei Zhu , Puyuan Yang , Jianghui Wang , Ji Liu , Ziqiong Liu , Dong Li , Yuejian Fang , Junhai Yong , Bin Wang , Emad Barsoum

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) present a compelling alternative to autoregressive models, offering flexible, any-order infilling without specialized prompting design. However, their practical utility is blocked by a critical limitation:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zirui Wu , Lin Zheng , Zhihui Xie , Jiacheng Ye , Jiahui Gao , Shansan Gong , Yansong Feng , Zhenguo Li , Wei Bi , Guorui Zhou , Lingpeng Kong

While diffusion Multimodal Large Language Models (dMLLMs) have recently achieved remarkable strides in multimodal generation, the development of interpretability mechanisms has lagged behind their architectural evolution. Unlike traditional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haomin Zuo , Yidi Li , Luoxiao Yang , Xiaofeng Zhang