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In this paper we focus on the linear functionals defining an approximate version of the gradient of a function. These functionals are often used when dealing with optimization problems where the computation of the gradient of the objective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-21 Marco Boresta , Tommaso Colombo , Alberto De Santis , Stefano Lucidi

In this work, we introduce new approximation operators for univariate set-valued functions with general compact images. We adapt linear approximation methods for real-valued functions by replacing linear combinations of numbers with new…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Nira Dyn , Elza Farkhi , Alona Mokhov

In this paper, we introduce the concept of the $\alpha$-fractal function and fractal approximation for a set-valued continuous map defined on a closed and bounded interval of real numbers. Also, we study some properties of such fractal…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-07 Megha Pandey , Tanmoy Som , Saurabh Verma

Given a finite number of samples of a continuous set-valued function F, mapping an interval to non-empty compact subsets of $\mathbb{R}^d$, $F: [a,b] \to K(\mathbb{R}^d)$, we discuss the problem of computing good approximations of F. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-27 Nira Dyn , David Levin

The notion of a local fractional derivative (LFD) was introduced recently for functions of a single variable. LFD was shown to be useful in studying fractional differentiability properties of fractal and multifractal functions. It was…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-11-06 Kiran M. Kolwankar , Anil D. Gangal

It is shown how piecewise differentiable functions $F: \mathbb R^n \mapsto \mathbb R^m $ that are defined by evaluation programs can be approximated locally by a piecewise linear model based on a pair of sample points $\check x$ and $\hat…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-08-14 Andreas Griewank , Tom Streubel , Lutz Lehmann , Manuel Radons , Richard Hasenfelder

In this contribution, we build up an axiomatic local metric derivative that exhibits the Mittag-Leffler as an eigenfunction and is valid for low-level fractionality, whenever the order parameter is close to $1$. This version of deformed or…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-03-31 J. Weberszpil , J. A. Helayël-Neto

We give a rigorous formulation of the intuitive idea that a differentiable map should be thesame thing as a locally, or infinitesimally, linear map: just as a linear map respects the operations of addition and multiplication by scalars ina…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-24 Wolfgang Bertram

We prove maximum and comparison principles for fractional discrete derivatives in the integers. Regularity results when the space is a mesh of length $h$, and approximation theorems to the continuous fractional derivatives are shown. When…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-05-24 Luciano Abadías , Marta de León-Contreras , José L. Torrea

The present paper develops two concepts of pointwise differentiability of higher order for arbitrary subsets of Euclidean space defined by comparing their distance functions to those of smooth submanifolds. Results include that…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-04-11 Ulrich Menne

Fractal geometry deals mainly with irregularity and captures the complexity of a structure or phenomenon. In this article, we focus on the approximation of set-valued functions using modern machinery on the subject of fractal geometry. We…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Parneet Kaur , Rattan Lal , Ankit Kumar , Saurabh Verma

We introduce real vector spaces composed of set-valued maps on an open set. They are also complete metric spaces, lattices, commutative rings. The set of differentiable functions is a dense subset of these spaces and the classical gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Serguei Samborski

Divergence functions are interesting discrepancy measures. Even though they are not true distances, we can use them to measure how separated two points are. Curiously enough, when they are applied to random variables, they lead to a notion…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-21 Henryk Gzyl

In the first part of this paper we introduced an algorithm that uses reachable set approximation to approximate the minimum time function of linear control problems. To illustrate the error estimates and to demonstrate differences to other…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-01-01 Robert Baier , Thuy Thi Thien Le

Following the ideas of Andrei Lerner in [ A pointwise estimate for the local sharp maximal function with applications to singular integrals" Bull. London Math. Soc. 42 (2010) 843856], we obtain another decomposition of an arbitrary…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-12-12 R. E. Vidal , M. S. Riveros

The use of separable approximations is proposed to mitigate the curse of dimensionality related to the approximation of high-dimensional value functions in optimal control. The separable approximation exploits intrinsic decaying sensitivity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Mario Sperl , Luca Saluzzi , Dante Kalise , Lars Grüne

We introduce an adaptation of integral approximation operators to set-valued functions (SVFs, multifunctions), mapping a compact interval $[a,b]$ into the space of compact non-empty subsets of ${\mathbb R}^d$. All operators are adapted by…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-12-02 Elena E. Berdysheva , Nira Dyn , Elza Farkhi , Alona Mokhov

We consider the approximation of manifold-valued functions by embedding the manifold into a higher dimensional space, applying a vector-valued approximation operator and projecting the resulting vector back to the manifold. It is well known…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-24 Ralf Hielscher , Laura Lippert

For any finite point set in $D$-dimensional space equipped with the 1-norm, we present random linear embeddings to $k$-dimensional space, with a new metric, having the following properties. For any pair of points from the point set that are…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-09 Michael P. Casey

A new directional derivative and a new subdifferential for set-valued convex functions are constructed, and a set-valued version of the so-called 'max-formula' is proven. The new concepts are used to characterize solutions of convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-07-24 Andreas H. Hamel , Carola Schrage
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