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We study the topology of metric spaces which are definable in o-minimal expansions of ordered fields. We show that a definable metric space either contains an infinite definable discrete set or is definably homeomorphic to a definable set…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-11-12 Erik Walsberg

We consider initial value problems of nonlinear dynamical systems, which include physical parameters. A quantity of interest depending on the solution is observed. A discretisation yields the trajectories of the quantity of interest in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Roland Pulch , Maha Youssef

Shape estimation and object reconstruction are common problems in image analysis. Mathematically, viewing objects in the image plane as random sets reduces the problem of shape estimation to inference about sets. Currently existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-03-12 Larissa I. Stanberry , Hanna K. Jankowski

We give a new characterization of the space of functions of bounded variation in terms of a pointwise inequality connected to the maximal function of a measure. The characterization is new even in Euclidean spaces and it holds also in…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-06-26 Panu Lahti , Heli Tuominen

Measurable sets are defined as those locally approximable, in a certain sense, by sets in the given algebra (or ring). A corresponding measure extension theorem is proved. It is also shown that a set is locally approximable in the mentioned…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-02-14 Iosif Pinelis

In this paper, we explore the concept of metric-driven numerical methods as a powerful tool for solving various types of multiscale partial differential equations. Our focus is on computing constrained minimizers of functionals - or,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Patrick Henning , Laura Huynh , Daniel Peterseim

Optimization problems, generalized equations, and the multitude of other variational problems invariably lead to the analysis of sets and set-valued mappings as well as their approximations. We review the central concept of set-convergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Johannes O. Royset

We study the problem of computing the value function from a discretely-observed trajectory of a continuous-time diffusion process. We develop a new class of algorithms based on easily implementable numerical schemes that are compatible with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Wenlong Mou , Yuhua Zhu

S-metric and b-metric spaces are metrizable, but it is still quite impossible to get an explicit form of the concerned metric function. To overcome this, the notion of $\phi$-metric is developed by making a suitable modification in triangle…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Abhishikta Das , Anirban Kundu , T. Bag

In computational practice, most attention is paid to rational approximations of functions and approximations by the sum of exponents. We consider a wide enough class of nonlinear approximations characterized by a set of two required…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Petr N. Vabishchevich

The first order loss function and its complementary function are extensively used in practical settings. When the random variable of interest is normally distributed, the first order loss function can be easily expressed in terms of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-09-09 Roberto Rossi , S. Armagan Tarim , Steven Prestwich , Brahim Hnich

We show that separability and second-countability are first-order properties among topological spaces definable in o-minimal expansions of $(\mathbb{R},<)$. We do so by introducing first-order characterizations -- definable separability and…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-06-16 Pablo Andújar Guerrero

The concept of local fractional derivative was introduced in order to be able to study the local scaling behavior of functions. However it has turned out to be much more useful. It was found that simple equations involving these operators…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-08-04 Kiran M. Kolwankar

In this work, approximations for real two variables function $f$ which has continuous partial $(n-1)$-derivatives $(n \ge 1)$ and has the $n$--th partial derivative of bounded bivariation or absolutely continuous are established. Explicit…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-11-08 Mohammad W. Alomari

Rademacher theorem asserts that Lipschitz continuous functions between Euclidean spaces are differentiable almost everywhere. In this work we extend this result to set-valued maps using an adequate notion of set-valued differentiability…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-12-14 Aris Daniilidis , Marc Quincampoix

Let K be a henselian valued field of characteristic 0. Then K admits a definable partition on each piece of which the leading term of a polynomial in one variable can be computed as a definable function of the leading term of a linear map.…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-04-16 Joseph Flenner

There are two definitions of the measurable functional on the topological vector space: as a linear and measurable real-valued function and as a pointwise limit of the sequence of the continious linear functionals. In general case they are…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-23 Denis Fufaev

This paper describes a new form of unsupervised learning, whose input is a set of unlabeled points that are assumed to be local maxima of an unknown value function v in an unknown subset of the vector space. Two functions are learned: (i) a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Lior Wolf , Sagie Benaim , Tomer Galanti

A real-valued set function is (additively) approximately submodular if it satisfies the submodularity conditions with an additive error. Approximate submodularity arises in many settings, especially in machine learning, where the function…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Flavio Chierichetti , Anirban Dasgupta , Ravi Kumar

Subadditive set functions play a pivotal role in computational economics (especially in combinatorial auctions), combinatorial optimization or artificial intelligence applications such as interpretable machine learning. However, specifying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Martin Černý , David Sychrovský , Filip Úradník , Jakub Černý