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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are promising and relatively low-cost tools for improving signal propagation in wireless communications. An RIS assists a base station in optimizing the channel and maximizing its capacity by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-01 Andrey Sayanskiy , Andrey Belov , Ruslan Yafasov , Andrey Lyulyakin , Alexander Sherstobitov , Stanislav Glybovski , Vladimir Lyashev

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces enable active control of wireless propagation channels, which is crucial for future 5G and 6G networks. This work presents a scalable RIS design operating at 3.6 GHz with both 1 bit and 3 bit phase…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Markus Heinrichs , Aydin Sezgin , Rainer Kronberger

In this study, we introduce a design concept that leverages pulse width variation to enable a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) and to autonomously switch reflection properties between two angles without any active control system.…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-27 Eisuke Omori , Kairi Takimoto , Atsuko Nagata , Ashif Fathnan , Shinya Sugiura , Hiroki Wakatsuchi

Originally introduced in the early 2010's, the idea of smart environments through reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) controlling the reflections of the electromagnetic waves has attracted much attention in recent years in preparation…

This paper presents a 1-bit reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) fabricated using a three-layer structure. It employs a manual layer stackup incorporating an optimal air gap to reduce the effective dielectric losses while using a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Mahendra Kheti , Debapratim Ghosh , Soumya P. Dash

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) are conventionally implemented as two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetic (EM) structures to steer incident waves toward desired reflection angles. This approach limits the reflection to a single…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 Ruiqi Wang , Yiming Yang , Atif Shamim

In this correspondence, we present a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) that reflects an incident signal to the desired direction, depending on the pulse width. This unique reconfigurability emerges by virtue of the transient response…

The integration of tunability mechanisms in the metasurface design has unleashed a tremendous potential for wireless communications. In particular, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) can manipulate the reflections of an incident…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Vasileios G. Ataloglou , George V. Eleftheriades

This letter presents a novel Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) that features a low-profile structure, wide operating bandwidth, and continuous phase control. By incorporating a middle patch layer without introducing an additional air…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Yikun Li , Yufei Zhao , Chau Yuen , Xiong Qin , Christ Clenson , Chao Du , Yong Liang Guan

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have been actively researched as a potential technique for future wireless communications, which intelligently ameliorate the signal propagation environment. In the conventional design, each RIS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Qingchao Li , Mohammed El-Hajjar , Ibrahim Hemadeh , Arman Shojaeifard , Alain A. M. Mourad , Bruno Clerckx , Lajos Hanzo

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been recognized as an essential enabling technique for the sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication network. Specifically, an RIS is comprised of a large number of small and low-cost reflecting…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Jindan Xu , Chau Yuen , Chongwen Huang , Naveed Ul Hassan , George C. Alexandropoulos , Marco Di Renzo , Merouane Debbah

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), capable of dynamically controlling wireless propagation characteristics using reflecting antenna elements, is a promising technology for enhancing signal coverage and improving end-user connectivity…

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising solution to boost coverage sustainably by reflecting waves from a transmitter to a receiver and acting as a low-power and passive relay. In this paper, for the first time, we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Philippe Ratajczak , Eric Séguenot , Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are two dimensional (2D) metasurfaces which can intelligently manipulate electromagnetic waves by low-cost near passive reflecting elements. RIS is viewed as a potential key technology for the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-07 Jie Huang , Cheng-Xiang Wang , Yingzhuo Sun , Rui Feng , Jialing Huang , Bolun Guo , Zhimeng Zhong , Tie Jun Cui

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication is one of the promising 6G technologies that allows the conversion of the wireless channel into an intelligent transmit entity by manipulating the impinging waves using…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-01 I. Yildirim , A. Uyrus , E. Basar

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging technique employing metasurface to reflect the signal from the source node to the destination node. By smartly reconfiguring the electromagnetic (EM) properties of the metasurface and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Qi Gu , Dan Wu , Xin Su , Hanning Wang , Jingyuan Cui , Yifei Yuan

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can shape the wireless propagation channel by inducing controlled phase shift variations to the impinging signals. Multiple works have considered the use of RIS by time-varying configurations of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-07 João Henrique Inacio de Souza , Victor Croisfelt , Fabio Saggese , Taufik Abrão , Petar Popovski

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have been identified as a potential ingredient to enhance the performance of contemporary wireless communication and sensing systems. Yet, most of the existing devices are either costly or not…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Markus Heinrichs , Aydin Sezgin , Rainer Kronberger

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a planar surface that can enhance the quality of communication by providing control over the communication environment. Reflection optimization is one of the pivotal challenges in RIS setups.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Seyedkhashayar Hashemi , Masoud Ardakani , Hai Jiang

Research on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) has predominantly focused on purely physical (PHY)-layer aspects, particularly, on how signals are dynamically shaped by a controllable wireless propagation environment. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Fabio Saggese , Victor Croisfelt , Kyriakos Stylianopoulos , George C. Alexandropoulos , Petar Popovski
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