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Explainable AI (XAI) has become increasingly important with the rise of large transformer models, yet many explanation methods designed for CNNs transfer poorly to Vision Transformers (ViTs). Existing ViT explanations often rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Meghna P Ayyar , Jenny Benois-Pineau , Akka Zemmari

When processing a text, humans and machines must disambiguate between different uses of the pronoun it, including non-referential, nominal anaphoric or clause anaphoric ones. In this paper, we use eye-tracking data to learn how humans…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-28 Victoria Yaneva , Le An Ha , Richard Evans , Ruslan Mitkov

Although recent gaze estimation methods lay great emphasis on attentively extracting gaze-relevant features from facial or eye images, how to define features that include gaze-relevant components has been ambiguous. This obscurity makes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Isack Lee , Jun-Seok Yun , Hee Hyeon Kim , Youngju Na , Seok Bong Yoo

Attention maps in neural models for NLP are appealing to explain the decision made by a model, hopefully emphasizing words that justify the decision. While many empirical studies hint that attention maps can provide such justification from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Duc Hau Nguyen , Duc Hau Nguyen , Pascale Sébillot

Trust is essential for our interactions with others but also with artificial intelligence (AI) based systems. To understand whether a user trusts an AI, researchers need reliable measurement tools. However, currently discussed markers…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Martin Johannes Dechant , Olga Lukashova-Sanz , Siegfried Wahl

This report presents our solution to the Ego4D Natural Language Queries (NLQ) Challenge at CVPR 2025. Egocentric video captures the scene from the wearer's perspective, where gaze serves as a key non-verbal communication cue that reflects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Wei-Cheng Lin , Chih-Ming Lien , Chen Lo , Chia-Hung Yeh

Advanced multimodal AI agents can now collaborate with users to solve challenges in the world. Yet, these emerging contextual AI systems rely on explicit communication channels between the user and system. We hypothesize that implicit…

State-of-the-art appearance-based gaze estimation methods, usually based on deep learning techniques, mainly rely on static features. However, temporal trace of eye gaze contains useful information for estimating a given gaze point. For…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Cristina Palmero , Oleg V. Komogortsev , Sachin S. Talathi

Human intention is an internal, mental characterization for acquiring desired information. From interactive interfaces containing either textual or graphical information, intention to perceive desired information is subjective and strongly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Shahed Anzarus Sabab , Mohammad Ridwan Kabir , Sayed Rizban Hussain , Hasan Mahmud , Md. Kamrul Hasan , Husne Ara Rubaiyeat

Smart glasses are accelerating progress toward more seamless and personalized LLM-based assistance by integrating multimodal inputs. Yet, these inputs rely on obtrusive explicit prompts. The advent of gaze tracking on smart devices offers a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jiexin Ding , Yizhuo Zhang , Xinyun Liu , Ke chen , Yuntao Wang , Shwetak Patel , Akshay Gadre

Situated conversations, which refer to visual information as visual question answering (VQA), often contain ambiguities caused by reliance on directive information. This problem is exacerbated because some languages, such as Japanese, often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Shun Inadumi , Seiya Kawano , Akishige Yuguchi , Yasutomo Kawanishi , Koichiro Yoshino

Large Language Models (LLMs) have substantially improved the conversational capabilities of social robots. Nevertheless, for an intuitive and fluent human-robot interaction, robots should be able to ground the conversation by relating…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Elisabeth Menendez , Michael Gienger , Santiago Martínez , Carlos Balaguer , Anna Belardinelli

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding visual content, yet their ability to predict where humans look on user interfaces remains unexplored. We present UIGaze, a study investigating how closely…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Min Song , Yoonseong Lee , Yeonhu Seo

Gaze estimation methods often experience significant performance degradation when evaluated across different domains, due to the domain gap between the testing and training data. Existing methods try to address this issue using various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Pengwei Yin , Guanzhong Zeng , Jingjing Wang , Di Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful support tools across various natural language tasks and a range of application domains. Recent studies focus on exploring their capabilities for data annotation. This paper provides a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Maja Pavlovic , Massimo Poesio

The rapid evolution of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has favoured major languages such as English, leaving a significant gap for many others due to limited resources. This is especially evident in the context of data annotation, a task…

The attention mechanisms in deep neural networks are inspired by human's attention that sequentially focuses on the most relevant parts of the information over time to generate prediction output. The attention parameters in those models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-20 Youngjae Yu , Jongwook Choi , Yeonhwa Kim , Kyung Yoo , Sang-Hun Lee , Gunhee Kim

Text-based explanation is a particularly promising approach in explainable AI, but the evaluation of text explanations is method-dependent. We argue that placing the explanations on an information-theoretic framework could unify the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zining Zhu , Frank Rudzicz

Understanding social interactions requires reasoning over subtle non-verbal cues, yet current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often fail to identify who interacts with whom in multi-person videos. We introduce GRASP, a large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Junho Kim , Xu Cao , Houze Yang , Bikram Boote , Ana Jojic , Fiona Ryan , Bolin Lai , Sangmin Lee , James M. Rehg

Question answering (QA) systems are among the most important and rapidly developing research topics in natural language processing (NLP). A reason, therefore, is that a QA system allows humans to interact more naturally with a machine,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Amer Farea , Zhen Yang , Kien Duong , Nadeesha Perera , Frank Emmert-Streib