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As Autonomous driving systems (ADS) have transformed our daily life, safety of ADS is of growing significance. While various testing approaches have emerged to enhance the ADS reliability, a crucial gap remains in understanding the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Shiwei Feng , Yapeng Ye , Qingkai Shi , Zhiyuan Cheng , Xiangzhe Xu , Siyuan Cheng , Hongjun Choi , Xiangyu Zhang

Autonomous Driving Systems (ADSs) are complex Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) that must ensure safety even in uncertain conditions. Modern ADSs often employ Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), which may not produce correct results in every possible…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Jon Ayerdi , Asier Iriarte , Pablo Valle , Ibai Roman , Miren Illarramendi , Aitor Arrieta

The rapid advancement of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), exemplified by companies like Waymo and Cruise offering 24/7 paid taxi services, highlights the paramount importance of ensuring AVs' compliance with various policies, such as safety…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Ziwen Wan , Yuqi Huai , Yuntianyi Chen , Joshua Garcia , Qi Alfred Chen

Autonomous driving systems (ADS) are increasingly deployed in real traffic, yet testing remains fundamentally challenging due to open environments, complex scenarios, and the lack of established processes and metrics. Despite extensive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Qunying Song , Ali Nouri , Håkan Sivencrona , Federica Sarro

Alpha N A self-powered, wheel driven Automated Delivery Robot is presented in this paper. The ADR is capable of navigating autonomously by detecting and avoiding objects or obstacles in its path. It uses a vector map of the path and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-29 A. A. Neloy , R. A. Bindu , S. Alam , R. Haque , M. Saif , A. Khan , N. M. Mishu , S. Siddique

Drivers are becoming increasingly reliant on advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) as autonomous driving technology becomes more popular and developed with advanced safety features to enhance road safety. However, the increasing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Cheng Chen , Grant Xiao , Daehyun Lee , Lishan Yang , Evgenia Smirni , Homa Alemzadeh , Xugui Zhou

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) need an accurate and up-to-date representation of the environment for safe navigation. Traditional methods, which often rely on detailed environmental representations constructed offline, struggle in dynamically…

Automated driving system - dedicated vehicles (ADS-DVs), specially designed for people with various disabilities, can be beneficial to improve their mobility. However, research related to autonomous vehicles (AVs) for people with cognitive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Gandhimathi Padmanaban , Nathaniel Jachim , Hala Shandi , Lilit Avetisyan , Gar-Rett Smith , Howraa Hammoud , Feng Zhou

The rapid development of artificial intelligence, especially deep learning technology, has advanced autonomous driving systems (ADSs) by providing precise control decisions to counterpart almost any driving event, spanning from anti-fatigue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Yao Deng , Tiehua Zhang , Guannan Lou , Xi Zheng , Jiong Jin , Qing-Long Han

The paper proposes a method for the correct by design coordination of autonomous driving systems (ADS). It builds on previous results on collision avoidance policies and the modeling of ADS by combining descriptions of their static…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Marius Bozga , Joseph Sifakis

High-level Autonomous Driving Systems (ADSs), such as Google Waymo and Baidu Apollo, typically rely on multi-sensor fusion (MSF) based approaches to perceive their surroundings. This strategy increases perception robustness by combining the…

Parallel trajectory optimization via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) has emerged as a scalable approach to long-horizon motion planning. However, existing frameworks typically decompose the problem into parallel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Jiajun Yu , Guodong Liu , Li Wang , Pengxiang Zhou , Wentao Liu , Yin He , Chao Xu , Fei Gao , Yanjun Cao

Autonomous Driving Systems (ADSs) continue to face safety-critical risks due to the inherent limitations in their design and performance capabilities. Online repair plays a crucial role in mitigating such limitations, ensuring the runtime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Mingfei Cheng , Xiaofei Xie , Renzhi Wang , Yuan Zhou , Ming Hu

Rigorous Verification and Validation (V&V) of Autonomous Driving Functions (ADFs) is paramount for ensuring the safety and public acceptance of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs). Current validation relies heavily on simulation to achieve sufficient…

Developing and fielding complex systems requires proof that they are reliably correct with respect to their design and operating requirements. Especially for autonomous systems which exhibit unanticipated emergent behavior, fully…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Matthew Litton , Doron Drusinsky , James Bret Michael

Autonomous Vehicles rely on accurate and robust sensor observations for safety critical decision-making in a variety of conditions. Fundamental building blocks of such systems are sensors and classifiers that process ultrasound, RADAR, GPS,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-21 Apostolos Modas , Ricardo Sanchez-Matilla , Pascal Frossard , Andrea Cavallaro

The increasing levels of software- and data-intensive driving automation call for an evolution of automotive software testing. As a recommended practice of the Verification and Validation (V&V) process of ISO/PAS 21448, a candidate standard…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Markus Borg , Raja Ben Abdessalem , Shiva Nejati , Francois-Xavier Jegeden , Donghwan Shin

Simulation-based testing of autonomous driving systems (ADS) must uncover realistic and diverse failures in dense, heterogeneous traffic. However, existing search-based seeding methods (e.g., genetic algorithms) struggle in high-dimensional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Linfeng Liang , Xiao Cheng , Tsong Yueh Chen , Xi Zheng

As the horizon of intelligent transportation expands with the evolution of Automated Driving Systems (ADS), ensuring paramount safety becomes more imperative than ever. Traditional risk assessment methodologies, primarily crafted for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-19 Anil Ranjitbhai Patel , Peter Liggesmeyer

Predicting the future states of surrounding traffic participants and planning a safe, smooth, and socially compliant trajectory accordingly is crucial for autonomous vehicles. There are two major issues with the current autonomous driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Zhiyu Huang , Haochen Liu , Jingda Wu , Chen Lv