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Gaussian processes (GPs) enable principled computation of model uncertainty, making them attractive for safety-critical applications. Such scenarios demand that GP decisions are not only accurate, but also robust to perturbations. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Andrea Patane , Arno Blaas , Luca Laurenti , Luca Cardelli , Stephen Roberts , Marta Kwiatkowska

We consider the problem of active learning for global sensitivity analysis of expensive black-box functions. Our aim is to efficiently learn the importance of different input variables, e.g., in vehicle safety experimentation, we study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Syrine Belakaria , Benjamin Letham , Janardhan Rao Doppa , Barbara Engelhardt , Stefano Ermon , Eytan Bakshy

Active learning in computer experiments aims at allocating resources in an intelligent manner based on the already observed data to satisfy certain objectives such as emulating or optimizing a computationally expensive function. There are…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-24 Difan Song , V. Roshan Joseph

We propose a method to optimise the parameters of a policy which will be used to safely perform a given task in a data-efficient manner. We train a Gaussian process model to capture the system dynamics, based on the PILCO framework. Our…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-03 Kyriakos Polymenakos , Alessandro Abate , Stephen Roberts

This paper proposes a safe data-driven control framework for nonlinear systems with partially known dynamics. The method ensures stability and constraint satisfaction during online learning, assuming only a stabilizable linear approximation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Stefano Tonini , Soroush Rastegarpour , Hamid Reza Feyzmahdavian , Nicola Bastianello , Karl Henrik Johansson

Autonomous racing creates challenging control problems, but Model Predictive Control (MPC) has made promising steps toward solving both the minimum lap-time problem and head-to-head racing. Yet, accurate models of the system are necessary…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-06 Tommaso Benciolini , Chen Tang , Marion Leibold , Catherine Weaver , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

This paper presents an adaptive online learning framework for systems with uncertain parameters to ensure safety-critical control in non-stationary environments. Our approach consists of two phases. The initial phase is centered on a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Yu Zhang , Long Wen , Xiangtong Yao , Zhenshan Bing , Linghuan Kong , Wei He , Alois Knoll

Experimental exploration of high-cost systems with safety constraints, common in engineering applications, is a challenging endeavor. Data-driven models offer a promising solution, but acquiring the requisite data remains expensive and is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Markus Lange-Hegermann , Christoph Zimmer

Learning-based methods have been successful in solving complex control tasks without significant prior knowledge about the system. However, these methods typically do not provide any safety guarantees, which prevents their use in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Torsten Koller , Felix Berkenkamp , Matteo Turchetta , Andreas Krause

Safety is one of the biggest concerns to applying reinforcement learning (RL) to the physical world. In its core part, it is challenging to ensure RL agents persistently satisfy a hard state constraint without white-box or black-box…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Weiye Zhao , Tairan He , Changliu Liu

This paper addresses the problem of active learning of a multi-output Gaussian process (MOGP) model representing multiple types of coexisting correlated environmental phenomena. In contrast to existing works, our active learning problem…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-25 Yehong Zhang , Trong Nghia Hoang , Kian Hsiang Low , Mohan Kankanhalli

Gaussian processes have become a promising tool for various safety-critical settings, since the posterior variance can be used to directly estimate the model error and quantify risk. However, state-of-the-art techniques for safety-critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Alexandre Capone , Armin Lederer , Sandra Hirche

In Gaussian Process (GP) dynamical model learning for robot control, particularly for systems constrained by computational resources like small quadrotors equipped with low-end processors, analyzing stability and designing a stable…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-05 Wenhan Cao , Alexandre Capone , Rishabh Yadav , Sandra Hirche , Wei Pan

Failures are challenging for learning to control physical systems since they risk damage, time-consuming resets, and often provide little gradient information. Adding safety constraints to exploration typically requires a lot of prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Steve Heim , Alexander von Rohr , Sebastian Trimpe , Alexander Badri-Spröwitz

Modern day engineering problems are ubiquitously characterized by sophisticated computer codes that map parameters or inputs to an underlying physical process. In other situations, experimental setups are used to model the physical process…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-02 Raphael Gautier , Piyush Pandita , Sayan Ghosh , Dimitri Mavris

Many fields of science and engineering rely on running simulations with complex and computationally expensive models to understand the involved processes in the system of interest. Nevertheless, the high cost involved hamper reliable and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Daniel Heestermans Svendsen , Luca Martino , Gustau Camps-Valls

Efficient Reinforcement Learning usually takes advantage of demonstration or good exploration strategy. By applying posterior sampling in model-free RL under the hypothesis of GP, we propose Gaussian Process Posterior Sampling Reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Ying Fan , Letian Chen , Yizhou Wang

Gaussian processes (GPs) are powerful and widely used probabilistic regression models, but their effectiveness in practice is often limited by the choice of kernel function. This kernel function is typically handcrafted from a small set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jihao Andreas Lin , Sebastian Ament , Louis C. Tiao , David Eriksson , Maximilian Balandat , Eytan Bakshy

Many applications require a learner to make sequential decisions given uncertainty regarding both the system's payoff function and safety constraints. In safety-critical systems, it is paramount that the learner's actions do not violate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Sanae Amani , Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Christos Thrampoulidis

Model selection in Gaussian processes scales prohibitively with the size of the training dataset, both in time and memory. While many approximations exist, all incur inevitable approximation error. Recent work accounts for this error in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jonathan Wenger , Kaiwen Wu , Philipp Hennig , Jacob R. Gardner , Geoff Pleiss , John P. Cunningham